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Things to consider when buying in a Borey in Cambodia
May 15, 2017, 8:54 p.m.
Home & Living
Property Buyers & Sellers Advice
Cambodia’s rapidly growing property sector has opened up a new market for housing projects throughout the Kingdom. While condominiums continue to take the headlines in Cambodia’s construction news, little do outsiders know that Borey developments - gated communities featuring a range of popular residential housing - are beating condominiums in terms of popularity among Cambodia’s expanding middle-class.At the end of 2018, Knight Frank recorded a total of 46,197 units across 126 Borey developments. That number increased to 51,278 units across a total of 131 Boreys by the first half of 2019!The supply of landed property projects continues to grow in the first half of 2021 despite of the impacts of the global pandemic. 21 new projects were still launched in 9 districts in the capital which added l15,500 units to the future supply.This number is expected to grow in the coming years but you can get up-to-date Realestate.com.kh’s Real Estate Survey and Reports here.What is a Borey and what makes it so popular?A Borey development is a gated community featuring a range of housing types popular among Cambodians. It can feature single villas, twin villas, hybrid villas, linked houses, shophouses, and flat houses. These different housing types further offer a wide range of preferences in terms of floor area, number of rooms, and prices to accommodate the needs of individuals, families, and/or businesses.Since Boreys occupy a considerable amount of space, some areas of the development may be allocated for parks, children's’ playgrounds, markets, and retail stores. These gated communities also feature 24/7 security through private security personnel and infrastructure.Where to buy a Borey in Cambodia?According to the General Population Census 2019, over 2,200,000 Cambodians live in Phnom Penh. This makes Phnom Penh the most populated city in the Kingdom and it only follows that most of the Kingdom’s Borey developments are concentrated here.A high percentage of borey developments are located in the outlying districts of the capital city, because of two primary (and related) reasons.First, Phnom Penh’s almost-breakneck pace of development leaves little-to-no room for Boreys to be developed within the city center.Second, because of the speed of development, land prices close to the city center make it virtually impossible to make any Borey development appealing for a majority of Cambodians.Given the variety of Borey developments, we recommend buyers to check the latest Borey projects close to Phnom Penh.(Borey VIP in Dangkao commune, Dangkao district) (Borey Lorn City Lotussana in Chaom Chau commune, Por Sen Chey) (Borey Galaxy 11 in Spean Thma commune, Dangkao district)As the Borey market in Phnom Penh gets more competitive, developers have started looking elsewhere in the Kingdom for future projects.Siem Reap, the second most populated city in the country with over 1,000,000 residents (General Population Census 2019) has started seeing its own Borey launches in the last couple of years.Most Borey developments have reported strong off-plan sales figures, with some citing sold-out figures in their first and second phases. The interest shown by the local market suggests that the city’s market is open to new property developments despite the popularity of shophouses and traditional Khmer houses in Siem Reap.The Borey market in this culturally rich city is growing every year. We recommend interested buyers to check the latest Borey projects in Siem Reap and some of the featured boreys below:Bakong Village - Bakong, Prasat BakongVnom Empire - Ampil, Prasat BakongBorey Royal Angkor Village - Svay Leu, Svay LeuSihanoukville has seen rapid commercial and residential developments since 2015, mostly focused on mixed-use developments. Borey developers, however, have taken an interest in the city as the on-going development of a USD $2 billion expressway from Phnom Penh to Sihanoukville, and a USD $294 million road rehabilitation within the city, makes it a strong candidate for Cambodia’s next major urban centre.For property hunters looking for the comforts of the city while having easy access to Cambodia’s beaches, we recommend interested Borey buyers to check Borey VIP in Sihanoukville and all the latest borey developments in Sihanoukville.How are Borey properties priced?Borey properties vary greatly in terms of prices. This is mainly because of the aforementioned variety of properties offered within any given Borey development. For ballpark estimates, Knight Frank’s report cites that these could range from USD $750 to USD $1,700 per square metre in 2019.Then again, land prices in Cambodia are constantly on the rise so these prices are expected to further increase in the immediate (2-3 years) future.Factors that directly/indirectly affect Borey prices also vary. Here are some key considerations in Borey price assessment:How far away is the Borey community from the nearest commercial centre? (Shopping centres, theatres, banks, government institutions, airports, etc.)What are the included amenities in the Borey? (community park & events centre, children's playground, public swimming pool, etc.)Did the developer build the necessary residential infrastructure themselves? (electrical grids, water and sewage pipelines, access roads, etc.)Is the Borey overall an affordable/mid-tier/premium Borey?We suggest you consider these factors, in addition to your specific and personal needs, when buying a Borey, or any property, in the Kingdom of Cambodia.Find out more about property valuation fees in Cambodia.Tax law for Borey in CambodiaFor any property of any type with a freehold/hard title in Cambodia, whether you’re a local or a foreigner, there is a transfer tax that you have to pay whenever you purchase a property. The transfer tax is 4 per cent of the property’s value.An annual property tax is also levied on landed property exceeding 100,000,000 riels ($25,000) in value. This tax is collected annually at a rate of 0.1% of the property’s value. The tax is based on the value of lands, houses, buildings and other constructions built on the land by deducting 100,000,000 riels (USD$ 25,000) from the property in question.The (property) value of lands, houses, buildings and other constructions that are built on the land shall be determined based on the market price by the Property Evaluation Committee established by the Prakas of the Minister of Economy and Finance, according to the General Department of Taxation.Read more in our guide on property tax in Cambodia.Can foreigners own a Borey in Cambodia?Foreigners are prohibited to own landed property by the foreign ownership law in Cambodia that was promulgated on May 24, 2010. Since Boreys are considered landed property, this type of housing is essentially prohibited from being owned by a non-Cambodian citizen.A foreign national can either get married to a Cambodian and name it after their spouse, or gain Cambodian citizenship for themselves after satisfying state requisites.What type of ownership titles are available for a Borey in Cambodia?Cambodia uses three types of ownership titles. These are the soft title, hard title, and the LMAP title — the safest type of title. So, if you buy any Borey homes, it’s best to ask the project owner for LMAP title to be the most secure for your future immovable assets.What do you need to check when buying a Borey in Cambodia?The Cambodian government, through its respective agencies, has cracked down on erring developers who do not have the proper documentation for their projects. But it’s always good to exercise some due diligence on your part. That’s just being a smart consumer!Here are the 5 key legal documents you need to look for when checking a Borey’s legal adherence:Hard Title: You have to look at two classifications of hard titles when dealing with Boreys. The first is the hard title for the whole Borey development. This is called a master title - and will cover the entire piece of land on which the project sits. The second one should be hard titles that are subdivided for each residential unit included in the Borey. These are called individual titles.A legitimate Borey development should be able to produce both of these hard titles to potential buyers. If they can’t show this, don’t put any money down until they do.NOTE: It is also possible for developers to issue a Soft Title for their properties, but it would be in your best interest as a resident to get a Hard Title.Development Company Registration: Development companies will need to register themselves to gain approval from the necessary ministries to proceed with construction. However, construction is not always a sign that they’ve been approved. You can ask to see their company registration just to make sure both the project and the developers can proceed legally.Master Plan Approval: The Ministry of Land Management will need to approve the developer’s Master Plan first before the construction begins. A credible developer will be able to provide you with it or at least show you a copy.Construction License: The construction company then goes through a thorough background check with the Ministry of Land Management. Boreys must have a single registered construction company building the units and infrastructure to ensure consistency and quality throughout the development. Once this has been cleared, the construction company is then given a license.Borey License: The Ministry of Economics and Finance releases the license for the Borey once everything is in order. This means that the developer has satisfied the requirements of the Government in terms of quality, design, sales plans, and documentation.Is buying Borey in Cambodia a good investment?Good investments are always based on a given market’s projected needs - and Cambodians are increasingly demanding more and better homes every year. Land prices for Borey developments have already seen a considerable increase in recent years.According to data from Knight Frank, the average launch price of Borey projects in 2018 amounted to USD$ 715 per square metre. This jumped to USD$ 940 per square metre in 2019. The high-end of Borey developments have seen the biggest jump with 2018 launch prices ranging around USD$ 1,200 to USD$ 1,350 per square metre - this increased to an average of USD$ 1,700 per square metre in 2019.The global pandemic caused some fluctuations in the prices from 2020-2021 according to CBRE Cambodia’s recent Market Overview report.Another factor to consider is that Boreys currently in the pipeline, and consequently, other future Boreys, will be built further away from the city centres (especially Phnom Penh).Considering this rapid outward expansion, established Boreys will definitely see a massive increase in value in the coming years.How do you pay for Borey in Cambodia?The adage “Cash is King” is prevalent in Cambodian transactions. Having your own money in cash gives you good leverage in getting a discount for property purchases in the Kingdom.But if your current situation calls for more immediate purchase, with not enough cash to purchase the whole property, instalment options are also available through bank loans and other licensed microfinance institutions.If you’re getting a home loan, you can get one from ABA Bank, Chip Mong Bank, Vattanac Bank, and many more. To get a bank loan, you need to have regular monthly income, collateral, the hard title of the property, and guarantees.There will also be a background check for the prequalification on a loan payment to the bank.Should you buy an off-plan Borey in Cambodia?Many project developments in Cambodia are sprouting up with a new sales strategy by selling off-plan units. Off-plan means the project owners are selling their projects before and during the start of the project’s construction.Buying a unit on an off-sale plan can be advantageous: You can get a good discount, you can choose your unit in the project before anyone else does, and even influence the design of your house.There is, however, the risk that the development might run into trouble in the future that may lead to the construction being stalled or even cancelled. To help you better sleep at night, we strongly recommend you follow our guide to checking the developer’s legal papers in the earlier part of this guide.Stay up for up-to-date news on the real estate industry in Cambodia and get real-time updates on real estate news as they happen. Download the Realestate.com.kh App now!Article by:
Understanding property titles in Cambodia
February 24, 2020, 3:42 a.m.
Property Reviews
Property Buyers & Sellers Advice
(The Ministry of Land Management, Urban Planning and Construction / Phan Soumy)What is a property title?A title or ‘deed’ is an official document confirming who owns the property, its location, and what rights the property owner enjoys. It should be noted that a significant percentage of land in Cambodia is not registered with the National Land Office and has no official land title certificate to secure the land on behalf of the owner.During the civil war period between 1975 and 1979, all Cambodian land title records were destroyed. This made any definitive proof of property ownership impossible after the war. A land law was passed in 1992 to establish the groundwork for land ownership, but it wasn't until its 2001 revision that allowed private ownership of land in Cambodia. The 2001 Land Law allowed for the creation of a land registry system enabling the issuance of Cambodia land titles. To date, over two million Cambodian land titles have been issued to citizens.Property ownership can now be secured by one of three forms of Cambodia land title: Hard title, Soft title, and Private Ownership in Co-owned Buildings – also known as Strata Title. In addition, an LMAP title is also now available.One of the most frequently asked questions is "Can foreigners own land or landed property in Cambodia?" The quick answer is No. The Cambodian Constitution prohibits foreign nationals from owning land and landed properties in the country.There are, however, indirect mechanisms of "ownership" such as the Nominee structure and Land concessions for development. Visit our guide to Property Ownership Mechanisms for Foreigners in Cambodia for more information.Hard Title in CambodiaHard titles are the most secure proof of property ownership and are considered the best Cambodian land title.Hard titles are certification of ownership provided by the Cambodian Land Management and Planning office. Hard Titles also include detailed information recognised and certified at a national level by the Ministry of Land and the Cadastral Office. It should be noted that a transfer tax applies when hard title transactions occur.A quick summary of what is a Hard Title in Cambodia:The Hard title is the strongest form of property ownership in Cambodia.In the rare occurrence that a disputed land has both a Hard Title and a Soft Title, the owner of the Hard Title will win the dispute.A Hard title is a land ownership certificate provided by the Land Management and Planning office.Hard titles contain detailed information that has been duly recognised and certified at a national level with the Ministry of Land and the concerned cadastral office.A Transfer tax of 4% per cent will be paid based on the total property value upon the facilitation of the Hard Title transfer.The facilitation of a Hard Title transfer usually takes up to 12 weeks.Foreign nationals are constitutionally prohibited from obtaining Hard Titles. By extension, this prohibits foreign nationals from owning land and landed properties in Cambodia.Soft Title in CambodiaA Soft Title is the most commonly issued Cambodian land title. The Soft Title, however, is only recognised at the local government level. Soft titles are provided at the local Sangkat or district office and are not registered at a national level.The Sangkat (commune) or Phum (village) chief will issue a letter of possessory rights, which refers to the right of “possession” of property. A person is in “possession” of the property when she/he physically occupies the property but is not the owner of the land as recognised by the authority.Although not as secure as a Hard title, they are still considered evidence of possession. Historically, many land transactions have occurred as soft titles to avoid transfer taxes and fees. However, most new major developments are being transacted with hard titlesA quick summary of what is a Soft Title in Cambodia:A Soft Title is the most common form of ownership and the most commonly issued Cambodian land title as the transfer taxes and fees are cheaper than a Hard Title.It is estimated that 85% of Cambodian property owners only have Soft Titles to back up their property claims.It is a Cambodian land title that is recognised at the local government level (Sangkats & Khans).Soft Titles are provided by the local Sangkat or District office and are not registered at a national level - but are still considered a valid legal document of ownership. Soft Titles are relatively cheaper and quicker to acquire for Cambodians.Estimated to take anywhere between 10 to 12 working days to process.Foreign nationals are prohibited from owning a Soft Title. By extension, this prohibits foreign nationals from owning land and landed properties in CambodiaCambodian Strata TitlePrivate ownership in co-owned (strata) buildings is a recently introduced form of property title that also allows foreigners to legally own property in Cambodia.Co-owned buildings or Strata-titled buildings are defined as buildings in which several owners reside, consisting of some parts that are the exclusive ownership of each co-owner (private units), and some other parts that are common spaces for the common use of co-owners (common areas).A quick summary of what a Strata Title in Cambodia is:A Strata Title is a special title commonly used for condo unit purchases that is available to both Cambodian nationals and foreign nationals.There are other mechanisms not necessarily involving a Strata Title available for property ownership for Foreign nationals which you can see in our investment guide.Strata Titles can only be granted if the property in question satisfies these criteria: Only applicable to buildings constructed in 2010 and beyond.Foreigners can only own 70% of the total surface area of the building or property.Strata Titles cannot be issued for properties on the ground floor and/or underground.Strata Titles cannot be issued for any property within 30km of the nearest land border.Private Ownership in co-owned buildings (also known as Strata Title) is the most recent form of ownership and allows foreigners to legally own property in Cambodia.Strata Title is a less common Cambodia land title, but the numbers issued are growing fast.Most new condo development projects offer this type of title to accommodate foreign demand to own property in Cambodia.The Law on Foreign Ownership’ was promulgated on 24 May 2010. This law limits foreign ownership to co-owned buildings. Foreigners still cannot own land, as it is unconstitutional.Strata Titles are issued by the Ministry of Land Management, Urban Planning, and Construction. This means Strata Titles are recognized on a national level.A Transfer tax of 4% percent will be paid based on the total property value upon the facilitation of the Strata Title transfer.LMAP Title in CambodiaTo improve land tenure security, a titling system called LMAP (Land Management and Administration Project) has been introduced in Cambodia.Based on official GPS coordinates, land plots are being registered throughout the country. Should an LMAP title exist for your property already, the borders have been agreed upon between neighbouring parties and are less prone to dispute.A quick summary of what is an LMAP Title in Cambodia:The LMAP Title is another property ownership title issued and recognised on a national level by the Ministry of Land Management, Urban Planning and Construction (MLMUPC) - along with the relevant cadastral offices.The main difference between the LMAP Title from a Hard Title is its inclusion of the exact GPS coordinates that determine the boundaries of the property in question.LMAP Titles can only be obtained on land that has been indexed on a cadastral map. So, if a plot of land has not yet been indexed, the LMAP Title cannot be issued for that property.If the MLMUPC is presently undergoing the necessary LMAP titling process in your village or area where you live, this means you only need to follow what your local authority informs you to do once the project is completed. It is their obligation to communicate with you.It is possible to own a Hard Title without an LMAP Title due to the above-mentioned limitation.A Transfer tax of 4% per cent will be paid based on the total property value upon the facilitation of the LMAP Title transfer.Foreign nationals are not permitted to own an LMAP title. By extension, this prohibits foreign nationals from owning land and landed properties in Cambodia.How to Transfer A Property Title in CambodiaWhen you purchase property or land in Cambodia, it is critical to obtain outright ownership in order to feel secure about your new asset. To complete the process for transferring land titles of ownership, there are particular steps that need to be followed, documents that need to be obtained, as well as the necessary consultations with relevant agencies.Step 1: Verify the title certificate with the relevant Land OfficeThe buyer will first need to verify the land title certificate with the Land Office at the Ministry of Land Management, Urban Planning and Construction (MLMUPC), to check for any debts or other claims to the property.This process requires:The buyer must obtain the original title certificate from the seller to verify their genuine ownership.The buyer will then verify the title certificate with the Land Office at the MLMUPC.The Land Office will inform the buyer if there are any liens (debts), mortgages, or other claims registered to that property.Relevant Government Agency: Land Office at MLMUPCEstimated time to completion: This takes approximately 10 days (should occur simultaneously to steps 2 and 3)Step 2: Obtain information on the propertyThe buyer must then obtain information on the property from the relevant Commune Council Official. This involves the buyer contacting the village chief or the Commune Council Official in which the property is located to obtain information about the land/property. In addition to this, an official search of the title should take place at the Khan/District Land Office.Relevant Government Agency: Commune Council (Relevant District/Khan office in your property’s area)Estimated time to completion: This should take approximately 10 days (we advise that this be done in parallel to Steps 1 and 3)Step 3: Obtain the certificate of incorporation and official documents from the sellerIf the landowner is a legal entity, the buyer must obtain;A copy of the ID of the shareholder, or person acting on behalf of the company.A certified/notarised copy of the Certificate of Incorporation of the seller’s company as issued by the Ministry of Commerce.Any other official documents from the seller relating to the company and the transaction.All of these documents are needed to verify the accuracy and identity of the company name appearing on the title certificate. Further documents needed to verify the seller’s authorisation to transfer the property to the buyer are;A special power of attorney.A Resolution signed by the Board of Directors from that company authorising the named individual (seller) to represent the company at the Land Office (MLMUPC).A power of attorney specifically stating that the seller can bring into effect that Resolution to transfer land titles of ownership to the buyer.Relevant Government Agency: Ministry of CommerceEstimated time to completion: This process should take around 10 days (should occur simultaneously with steps 1 and 2)Step 4: Apply for registration at the District Land Office (MLMUPC)When the buyer and seller, whether they are as an individual or a company wish to complete the property transaction, they must go together to the District Land Office at the MLMUPC to arrange, prepare, and sign the relevant documents.The documentation needed for this step is:The Company’s statute.The Company’s Certificate of Incorporation (obtained in Step 3).Both of the Power of Attorney documents (obtained in Step 3).The original Title Certificate held by the seller must be presented to the District Land Office at the time of signing the deed, in order to have the name of the new owner officially inserted on the document.Relevant Government Agency: District Land Office, MLMUPC (District Land Office of the Ministry of Land Management, Urban Planning & Construction)Estimated time to complete the step: This step takes between 20 and 30 days.Step 5: Pay transfer taxA transfer tax of approximately 4 per cent of the total value of the property is paid to the Ministry of Economy and Finance at the General Department of Taxation, in the district that the transferred property resides. A tax receipt is then issued to prove that the property transfer tax has been paid.In Phnom Penh, however, this tax is not assessed based on the true transacted value of the property; but, rather, based on a schedule of the price of property determined by the Phnom Penh Municipality. The assessed valuation by the Phnom Penh Municipality is based upon factors such as; the total number of square meters, the land’s location, use, potential use, and other variables.To put this quite simply the transfer tax is not based on the actual price of the land which is sold, which is usually the case, rather it is based on the assessed value made by the Phnom Penh Municipal office, which may be higher than the tax rates in other provinces.If the land is more than 1200 sqm, the surplus of the land will also be subject to “unused land tax.” For land less than 1200 sqm, the unused land tax is not applicable. The time for the General Department of Taxation to complete the calculation of transfer tax will depend on the location of the land and its size.Relevant Government Agency: General Department of TaxationEstimated time to complete the step: This process should take around 1 dayStep 6: Return to the cadastral office to complete the registration processAfter all relevant taxes are paid, the parties may return to the cadastral office at the District Land Office of the Ministry of Land Management, Urban Planning & Construction (MLMUPC) and sign/thumbprint an MLMUPC form for buying/selling real property, as filled in by MLMUPC official.The signing/thumbprinting must be witnessed by a local authority such as the commune chief, who will also give their thumbprint. These procedures are based on Land Law Articles; 65, 244 and 245. Land Law Article 69 bars the transfer of property unless all necessary taxes are paid. The documentation provided should include payment receipts of the transfer tax (obtained in Step 5).Step 7: Obtain the certificate of title from the Municipal Land OfficeObtain the certificate of title from the Municipal Land Office: The Khan/District land office forwards all the “transfer documents” to the Municipal Land Office where it issues the final Certificate of Title in the new owner’s name. It is now registered.Stay up-to-date on the real estate industry in Cambodia and get real-time updates on real estate news as they happen. Download the Realestate.com.kh App now!Article by:
Things to consider when buying in a Borey in Cambodia
May 15, 2017, 8:54 p.m.
Home & Living
Property Buyers & Sellers Advice
Cambodia’s rapidly growing property sector has opened up a new market for housing projects throughout the Kingdom. While condominiums continue to take the headlines in Cambodia’s construction news, little do outsiders know that Borey developments - gated communities featuring a range of popular residential housing - are beating condominiums in terms of popularity among Cambodia’s expanding middle-class.At the end of 2018, Knight Frank recorded a total of 46,197 units across 126 Borey developments. That number increased to 51,278 units across a total of 131 Boreys by the first half of 2019!The supply of landed property projects continues to grow in the first half of 2021 despite of the impacts of the global pandemic. 21 new projects were still launched in 9 districts in the capital which added l15,500 units to the future supply.This number is expected to grow in the coming years but you can get up-to-date Realestate.com.kh’s Real Estate Survey and Reports here.What is a Borey and what makes it so popular?A Borey development is a gated community featuring a range of housing types popular among Cambodians. It can feature single villas, twin villas, hybrid villas, linked houses, shophouses, and flat houses. These different housing types further offer a wide range of preferences in terms of floor area, number of rooms, and prices to accommodate the needs of individuals, families, and/or businesses.Since Boreys occupy a considerable amount of space, some areas of the development may be allocated for parks, children's’ playgrounds, markets, and retail stores. These gated communities also feature 24/7 security through private security personnel and infrastructure.Where to buy a Borey in Cambodia?According to the General Population Census 2019, over 2,200,000 Cambodians live in Phnom Penh. This makes Phnom Penh the most populated city in the Kingdom and it only follows that most of the Kingdom’s Borey developments are concentrated here.A high percentage of borey developments are located in the outlying districts of the capital city, because of two primary (and related) reasons.First, Phnom Penh’s almost-breakneck pace of development leaves little-to-no room for Boreys to be developed within the city center.Second, because of the speed of development, land prices close to the city center make it virtually impossible to make any Borey development appealing for a majority of Cambodians.Given the variety of Borey developments, we recommend buyers to check the latest Borey projects close to Phnom Penh.(Borey VIP in Dangkao commune, Dangkao district) (Borey Lorn City Lotussana in Chaom Chau commune, Por Sen Chey) (Borey Galaxy 11 in Spean Thma commune, Dangkao district)As the Borey market in Phnom Penh gets more competitive, developers have started looking elsewhere in the Kingdom for future projects.Siem Reap, the second most populated city in the country with over 1,000,000 residents (General Population Census 2019) has started seeing its own Borey launches in the last couple of years.Most Borey developments have reported strong off-plan sales figures, with some citing sold-out figures in their first and second phases. The interest shown by the local market suggests that the city’s market is open to new property developments despite the popularity of shophouses and traditional Khmer houses in Siem Reap.The Borey market in this culturally rich city is growing every year. We recommend interested buyers to check the latest Borey projects in Siem Reap and some of the featured boreys below:Bakong Village - Bakong, Prasat BakongVnom Empire - Ampil, Prasat BakongBorey Royal Angkor Village - Svay Leu, Svay LeuSihanoukville has seen rapid commercial and residential developments since 2015, mostly focused on mixed-use developments. Borey developers, however, have taken an interest in the city as the on-going development of a USD $2 billion expressway from Phnom Penh to Sihanoukville, and a USD $294 million road rehabilitation within the city, makes it a strong candidate for Cambodia’s next major urban centre.For property hunters looking for the comforts of the city while having easy access to Cambodia’s beaches, we recommend interested Borey buyers to check Borey VIP in Sihanoukville and all the latest borey developments in Sihanoukville.How are Borey properties priced?Borey properties vary greatly in terms of prices. This is mainly because of the aforementioned variety of properties offered within any given Borey development. For ballpark estimates, Knight Frank’s report cites that these could range from USD $750 to USD $1,700 per square metre in 2019.Then again, land prices in Cambodia are constantly on the rise so these prices are expected to further increase in the immediate (2-3 years) future.Factors that directly/indirectly affect Borey prices also vary. Here are some key considerations in Borey price assessment:How far away is the Borey community from the nearest commercial centre? (Shopping centres, theatres, banks, government institutions, airports, etc.)What are the included amenities in the Borey? (community park & events centre, children's playground, public swimming pool, etc.)Did the developer build the necessary residential infrastructure themselves? (electrical grids, water and sewage pipelines, access roads, etc.)Is the Borey overall an affordable/mid-tier/premium Borey?We suggest you consider these factors, in addition to your specific and personal needs, when buying a Borey, or any property, in the Kingdom of Cambodia.Find out more about property valuation fees in Cambodia.Tax law for Borey in CambodiaFor any property of any type with a freehold/hard title in Cambodia, whether you’re a local or a foreigner, there is a transfer tax that you have to pay whenever you purchase a property. The transfer tax is 4 per cent of the property’s value.An annual property tax is also levied on landed property exceeding 100,000,000 riels ($25,000) in value. This tax is collected annually at a rate of 0.1% of the property’s value. The tax is based on the value of lands, houses, buildings and other constructions built on the land by deducting 100,000,000 riels (USD$ 25,000) from the property in question.The (property) value of lands, houses, buildings and other constructions that are built on the land shall be determined based on the market price by the Property Evaluation Committee established by the Prakas of the Minister of Economy and Finance, according to the General Department of Taxation.Read more in our guide on property tax in Cambodia.Can foreigners own a Borey in Cambodia?Foreigners are prohibited to own landed property by the foreign ownership law in Cambodia that was promulgated on May 24, 2010. Since Boreys are considered landed property, this type of housing is essentially prohibited from being owned by a non-Cambodian citizen.A foreign national can either get married to a Cambodian and name it after their spouse, or gain Cambodian citizenship for themselves after satisfying state requisites.What type of ownership titles are available for a Borey in Cambodia?Cambodia uses three types of ownership titles. These are the soft title, hard title, and the LMAP title — the safest type of title. So, if you buy any Borey homes, it’s best to ask the project owner for LMAP title to be the most secure for your future immovable assets.What do you need to check when buying a Borey in Cambodia?The Cambodian government, through its respective agencies, has cracked down on erring developers who do not have the proper documentation for their projects. But it’s always good to exercise some due diligence on your part. That’s just being a smart consumer!Here are the 5 key legal documents you need to look for when checking a Borey’s legal adherence:Hard Title: You have to look at two classifications of hard titles when dealing with Boreys. The first is the hard title for the whole Borey development. This is called a master title - and will cover the entire piece of land on which the project sits. The second one should be hard titles that are subdivided for each residential unit included in the Borey. These are called individual titles.A legitimate Borey development should be able to produce both of these hard titles to potential buyers. If they can’t show this, don’t put any money down until they do.NOTE: It is also possible for developers to issue a Soft Title for their properties, but it would be in your best interest as a resident to get a Hard Title.Development Company Registration: Development companies will need to register themselves to gain approval from the necessary ministries to proceed with construction. However, construction is not always a sign that they’ve been approved. You can ask to see their company registration just to make sure both the project and the developers can proceed legally.Master Plan Approval: The Ministry of Land Management will need to approve the developer’s Master Plan first before the construction begins. A credible developer will be able to provide you with it or at least show you a copy.Construction License: The construction company then goes through a thorough background check with the Ministry of Land Management. Boreys must have a single registered construction company building the units and infrastructure to ensure consistency and quality throughout the development. Once this has been cleared, the construction company is then given a license.Borey License: The Ministry of Economics and Finance releases the license for the Borey once everything is in order. This means that the developer has satisfied the requirements of the Government in terms of quality, design, sales plans, and documentation.Is buying Borey in Cambodia a good investment?Good investments are always based on a given market’s projected needs - and Cambodians are increasingly demanding more and better homes every year. Land prices for Borey developments have already seen a considerable increase in recent years.According to data from Knight Frank, the average launch price of Borey projects in 2018 amounted to USD$ 715 per square metre. This jumped to USD$ 940 per square metre in 2019. The high-end of Borey developments have seen the biggest jump with 2018 launch prices ranging around USD$ 1,200 to USD$ 1,350 per square metre - this increased to an average of USD$ 1,700 per square metre in 2019.The global pandemic caused some fluctuations in the prices from 2020-2021 according to CBRE Cambodia’s recent Market Overview report.Another factor to consider is that Boreys currently in the pipeline, and consequently, other future Boreys, will be built further away from the city centres (especially Phnom Penh).Considering this rapid outward expansion, established Boreys will definitely see a massive increase in value in the coming years.How do you pay for Borey in Cambodia?The adage “Cash is King” is prevalent in Cambodian transactions. Having your own money in cash gives you good leverage in getting a discount for property purchases in the Kingdom.But if your current situation calls for more immediate purchase, with not enough cash to purchase the whole property, instalment options are also available through bank loans and other licensed microfinance institutions.If you’re getting a home loan, you can get one from ABA Bank, Chip Mong Bank, Vattanac Bank, and many more. To get a bank loan, you need to have regular monthly income, collateral, the hard title of the property, and guarantees.There will also be a background check for the prequalification on a loan payment to the bank.Should you buy an off-plan Borey in Cambodia?Many project developments in Cambodia are sprouting up with a new sales strategy by selling off-plan units. Off-plan means the project owners are selling their projects before and during the start of the project’s construction.Buying a unit on an off-sale plan can be advantageous: You can get a good discount, you can choose your unit in the project before anyone else does, and even influence the design of your house.There is, however, the risk that the development might run into trouble in the future that may lead to the construction being stalled or even cancelled. To help you better sleep at night, we strongly recommend you follow our guide to checking the developer’s legal papers in the earlier part of this guide.Stay up for up-to-date news on the real estate industry in Cambodia and get real-time updates on real estate news as they happen. Download the Realestate.com.kh App now!Article by:
Understanding property titles in Cambodia
February 24, 2020, 3:42 a.m.
Property Reviews
Property Buyers & Sellers Advice
(The Ministry of Land Management, Urban Planning and Construction / Phan Soumy)What is a property title?A title or ‘deed’ is an official document confirming who owns the property, its location, and what rights the property owner enjoys. It should be noted that a significant percentage of land in Cambodia is not registered with the National Land Office and has no official land title certificate to secure the land on behalf of the owner.During the civil war period between 1975 and 1979, all Cambodian land title records were destroyed. This made any definitive proof of property ownership impossible after the war. A land law was passed in 1992 to establish the groundwork for land ownership, but it wasn't until its 2001 revision that allowed private ownership of land in Cambodia. The 2001 Land Law allowed for the creation of a land registry system enabling the issuance of Cambodia land titles. To date, over two million Cambodian land titles have been issued to citizens.Property ownership can now be secured by one of three forms of Cambodia land title: Hard title, Soft title, and Private Ownership in Co-owned Buildings – also known as Strata Title. In addition, an LMAP title is also now available.One of the most frequently asked questions is "Can foreigners own land or landed property in Cambodia?" The quick answer is No. The Cambodian Constitution prohibits foreign nationals from owning land and landed properties in the country.There are, however, indirect mechanisms of "ownership" such as the Nominee structure and Land concessions for development. Visit our guide to Property Ownership Mechanisms for Foreigners in Cambodia for more information.Hard Title in CambodiaHard titles are the most secure proof of property ownership and are considered the best Cambodian land title.Hard titles are certification of ownership provided by the Cambodian Land Management and Planning office. Hard Titles also include detailed information recognised and certified at a national level by the Ministry of Land and the Cadastral Office. It should be noted that a transfer tax applies when hard title transactions occur.A quick summary of what is a Hard Title in Cambodia:The Hard title is the strongest form of property ownership in Cambodia.In the rare occurrence that a disputed land has both a Hard Title and a Soft Title, the owner of the Hard Title will win the dispute.A Hard title is a land ownership certificate provided by the Land Management and Planning office.Hard titles contain detailed information that has been duly recognised and certified at a national level with the Ministry of Land and the concerned cadastral office.A Transfer tax of 4% per cent will be paid based on the total property value upon the facilitation of the Hard Title transfer.The facilitation of a Hard Title transfer usually takes up to 12 weeks.Foreign nationals are constitutionally prohibited from obtaining Hard Titles. By extension, this prohibits foreign nationals from owning land and landed properties in Cambodia.Soft Title in CambodiaA Soft Title is the most commonly issued Cambodian land title. The Soft Title, however, is only recognised at the local government level. Soft titles are provided at the local Sangkat or district office and are not registered at a national level.The Sangkat (commune) or Phum (village) chief will issue a letter of possessory rights, which refers to the right of “possession” of property. A person is in “possession” of the property when she/he physically occupies the property but is not the owner of the land as recognised by the authority.Although not as secure as a Hard title, they are still considered evidence of possession. Historically, many land transactions have occurred as soft titles to avoid transfer taxes and fees. However, most new major developments are being transacted with hard titlesA quick summary of what is a Soft Title in Cambodia:A Soft Title is the most common form of ownership and the most commonly issued Cambodian land title as the transfer taxes and fees are cheaper than a Hard Title.It is estimated that 85% of Cambodian property owners only have Soft Titles to back up their property claims.It is a Cambodian land title that is recognised at the local government level (Sangkats & Khans).Soft Titles are provided by the local Sangkat or District office and are not registered at a national level - but are still considered a valid legal document of ownership. Soft Titles are relatively cheaper and quicker to acquire for Cambodians.Estimated to take anywhere between 10 to 12 working days to process.Foreign nationals are prohibited from owning a Soft Title. By extension, this prohibits foreign nationals from owning land and landed properties in CambodiaCambodian Strata TitlePrivate ownership in co-owned (strata) buildings is a recently introduced form of property title that also allows foreigners to legally own property in Cambodia.Co-owned buildings or Strata-titled buildings are defined as buildings in which several owners reside, consisting of some parts that are the exclusive ownership of each co-owner (private units), and some other parts that are common spaces for the common use of co-owners (common areas).A quick summary of what a Strata Title in Cambodia is:A Strata Title is a special title commonly used for condo unit purchases that is available to both Cambodian nationals and foreign nationals.There are other mechanisms not necessarily involving a Strata Title available for property ownership for Foreign nationals which you can see in our investment guide.Strata Titles can only be granted if the property in question satisfies these criteria: Only applicable to buildings constructed in 2010 and beyond.Foreigners can only own 70% of the total surface area of the building or property.Strata Titles cannot be issued for properties on the ground floor and/or underground.Strata Titles cannot be issued for any property within 30km of the nearest land border.Private Ownership in co-owned buildings (also known as Strata Title) is the most recent form of ownership and allows foreigners to legally own property in Cambodia.Strata Title is a less common Cambodia land title, but the numbers issued are growing fast.Most new condo development projects offer this type of title to accommodate foreign demand to own property in Cambodia.The Law on Foreign Ownership’ was promulgated on 24 May 2010. This law limits foreign ownership to co-owned buildings. Foreigners still cannot own land, as it is unconstitutional.Strata Titles are issued by the Ministry of Land Management, Urban Planning, and Construction. This means Strata Titles are recognized on a national level.A Transfer tax of 4% percent will be paid based on the total property value upon the facilitation of the Strata Title transfer.LMAP Title in CambodiaTo improve land tenure security, a titling system called LMAP (Land Management and Administration Project) has been introduced in Cambodia.Based on official GPS coordinates, land plots are being registered throughout the country. Should an LMAP title exist for your property already, the borders have been agreed upon between neighbouring parties and are less prone to dispute.A quick summary of what is an LMAP Title in Cambodia:The LMAP Title is another property ownership title issued and recognised on a national level by the Ministry of Land Management, Urban Planning and Construction (MLMUPC) - along with the relevant cadastral offices.The main difference between the LMAP Title from a Hard Title is its inclusion of the exact GPS coordinates that determine the boundaries of the property in question.LMAP Titles can only be obtained on land that has been indexed on a cadastral map. So, if a plot of land has not yet been indexed, the LMAP Title cannot be issued for that property.If the MLMUPC is presently undergoing the necessary LMAP titling process in your village or area where you live, this means you only need to follow what your local authority informs you to do once the project is completed. It is their obligation to communicate with you.It is possible to own a Hard Title without an LMAP Title due to the above-mentioned limitation.A Transfer tax of 4% per cent will be paid based on the total property value upon the facilitation of the LMAP Title transfer.Foreign nationals are not permitted to own an LMAP title. By extension, this prohibits foreign nationals from owning land and landed properties in Cambodia.How to Transfer A Property Title in CambodiaWhen you purchase property or land in Cambodia, it is critical to obtain outright ownership in order to feel secure about your new asset. To complete the process for transferring land titles of ownership, there are particular steps that need to be followed, documents that need to be obtained, as well as the necessary consultations with relevant agencies.Step 1: Verify the title certificate with the relevant Land OfficeThe buyer will first need to verify the land title certificate with the Land Office at the Ministry of Land Management, Urban Planning and Construction (MLMUPC), to check for any debts or other claims to the property.This process requires:The buyer must obtain the original title certificate from the seller to verify their genuine ownership.The buyer will then verify the title certificate with the Land Office at the MLMUPC.The Land Office will inform the buyer if there are any liens (debts), mortgages, or other claims registered to that property.Relevant Government Agency: Land Office at MLMUPCEstimated time to completion: This takes approximately 10 days (should occur simultaneously to steps 2 and 3)Step 2: Obtain information on the propertyThe buyer must then obtain information on the property from the relevant Commune Council Official. This involves the buyer contacting the village chief or the Commune Council Official in which the property is located to obtain information about the land/property. In addition to this, an official search of the title should take place at the Khan/District Land Office.Relevant Government Agency: Commune Council (Relevant District/Khan office in your property’s area)Estimated time to completion: This should take approximately 10 days (we advise that this be done in parallel to Steps 1 and 3)Step 3: Obtain the certificate of incorporation and official documents from the sellerIf the landowner is a legal entity, the buyer must obtain;A copy of the ID of the shareholder, or person acting on behalf of the company.A certified/notarised copy of the Certificate of Incorporation of the seller’s company as issued by the Ministry of Commerce.Any other official documents from the seller relating to the company and the transaction.All of these documents are needed to verify the accuracy and identity of the company name appearing on the title certificate. Further documents needed to verify the seller’s authorisation to transfer the property to the buyer are;A special power of attorney.A Resolution signed by the Board of Directors from that company authorising the named individual (seller) to represent the company at the Land Office (MLMUPC).A power of attorney specifically stating that the seller can bring into effect that Resolution to transfer land titles of ownership to the buyer.Relevant Government Agency: Ministry of CommerceEstimated time to completion: This process should take around 10 days (should occur simultaneously with steps 1 and 2)Step 4: Apply for registration at the District Land Office (MLMUPC)When the buyer and seller, whether they are as an individual or a company wish to complete the property transaction, they must go together to the District Land Office at the MLMUPC to arrange, prepare, and sign the relevant documents.The documentation needed for this step is:The Company’s statute.The Company’s Certificate of Incorporation (obtained in Step 3).Both of the Power of Attorney documents (obtained in Step 3).The original Title Certificate held by the seller must be presented to the District Land Office at the time of signing the deed, in order to have the name of the new owner officially inserted on the document.Relevant Government Agency: District Land Office, MLMUPC (District Land Office of the Ministry of Land Management, Urban Planning & Construction)Estimated time to complete the step: This step takes between 20 and 30 days.Step 5: Pay transfer taxA transfer tax of approximately 4 per cent of the total value of the property is paid to the Ministry of Economy and Finance at the General Department of Taxation, in the district that the transferred property resides. A tax receipt is then issued to prove that the property transfer tax has been paid.In Phnom Penh, however, this tax is not assessed based on the true transacted value of the property; but, rather, based on a schedule of the price of property determined by the Phnom Penh Municipality. The assessed valuation by the Phnom Penh Municipality is based upon factors such as; the total number of square meters, the land’s location, use, potential use, and other variables.To put this quite simply the transfer tax is not based on the actual price of the land which is sold, which is usually the case, rather it is based on the assessed value made by the Phnom Penh Municipal office, which may be higher than the tax rates in other provinces.If the land is more than 1200 sqm, the surplus of the land will also be subject to “unused land tax.” For land less than 1200 sqm, the unused land tax is not applicable. The time for the General Department of Taxation to complete the calculation of transfer tax will depend on the location of the land and its size.Relevant Government Agency: General Department of TaxationEstimated time to complete the step: This process should take around 1 dayStep 6: Return to the cadastral office to complete the registration processAfter all relevant taxes are paid, the parties may return to the cadastral office at the District Land Office of the Ministry of Land Management, Urban Planning & Construction (MLMUPC) and sign/thumbprint an MLMUPC form for buying/selling real property, as filled in by MLMUPC official.The signing/thumbprinting must be witnessed by a local authority such as the commune chief, who will also give their thumbprint. These procedures are based on Land Law Articles; 65, 244 and 245. Land Law Article 69 bars the transfer of property unless all necessary taxes are paid. The documentation provided should include payment receipts of the transfer tax (obtained in Step 5).Step 7: Obtain the certificate of title from the Municipal Land OfficeObtain the certificate of title from the Municipal Land Office: The Khan/District land office forwards all the “transfer documents” to the Municipal Land Office where it issues the final Certificate of Title in the new owner’s name. It is now registered.Stay up-to-date on the real estate industry in Cambodia and get real-time updates on real estate news as they happen. Download the Realestate.com.kh App now!Article by:

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Foreigners are 100% eligible to own a freehold condominium in Cambodia under certain conditions.The Cambodian Foreign Ownership Property Laws (legislation passed in 2010), allow foreigners to buy and own properties in Cambodia on the 1st floor or higher of a condominium. The property must possess a strata title and cannot exceed 70% foreign ownership.What does "off the plan" buying mean?Off the plan purchasing is literally what it sounds like. You are purchasing the condominium (condo) prior to its construction based on its design and construction plans. You sign a contract that reflects the agreed price of the condo as per the architectural specifications, any additions or changes you require. Generally, a deposit is required, (the amount of deposit is at the developer’s discretion and can be as high as 50 percent of the purchase price, or even higher), with the payment of these funds made by installments based on construction milestones set by the developer.Investors should develop an in-depth understanding of the installment payment plan triggered by construction stage milestones. These milestones may be based on various different construction stages. Some maybe a simple percentage of completion calculation or reliant on certain physical construction stages being met, such as floor topping of your level, electrical installation, certification of plumbing, etc. Unscrupulous developers may call for payments on milestones that have not been achieved. It is important to ensure investors have independent, suitably qualified advisors to monitor this process.When the building is finished, the developer hands you the keys to your new condo! Be certain to ensure there is a warranty and defects period included in your contract, identifying what is covered under warranty and a clear defect rectification process is in place, including contact details of the party responsible for addressing defects.What’s the advantage of buying off the plan?By purchasing at the development stage, buyers have the opportunity to select condos with the best locations, or prime units, in the development. Obviously, as the development progresses the availability of these prime units decreases.Buying off the plan offers you the flexibility to customise your condo within the limits of construction design. Whether you want to change the floor plan, surface treatments, lighting etc, these changes are easily achieved and are markedly less expensive during development.Off the plan discounts.Developers have loans to service and construction costs to cover. The more pre-launch sales deposits they receive, the better. This motivates the sales team to offer discounts on the purchase price, particularly if the market slows during the construction period. Many developers now offer rental guarantees to potential investors as enticement. These guarantees are traditionally based on a percentage return on investment.Historically, there have been occasions when off the plan buyers have seen substantial capital growth in their investment compared to purchasers who invest post-construction. Investors and speculators find this compelling, however, it is wise to consider that due to oversupply or global financial issues, the opposite can occur.Stay up-to-date on the real estate industry in Cambodia and get real-time updates on real estate news as they happen. Download the Realestate.com.kh App now!Article by:

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Tips to save money for your first house in Cambodia

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Property Buyers & Sellers Advice

(Being in your 20s and even your 30s affords you so much time and opportunity to earn that you might not have later on in life. It’s also the best time to start saving money for your first home investment. Image Supplied)If you’re under the age of 30, working a decent job, and don’t have a home to call your own, then it’s the perfect time to save for your first house. Cambodia’s property selection, especially in Phnom Penh, are plentiful, and in a few years’ time, you’ll practically be swimming in borey/condominium choices!At the back of your head, you might be saying “But I’m young! I want to see the world and experience new things!” or “Have you seen the prices? They’re so expensive!”. While both are popular concerns, they’re also not as serious as you might initially believe.Why you should start saving for a home while in your 20sBeing in your 20s is probably one of the best times to start saving. Unfortunately, youth is often wasted on the young. Most young working adults spend their money on travelling and expensive food/services - thinking they’ve worked for this, why shouldn’t they spend it?And that’s where the problem lies. Being in your 20s affords you so much time and opportunity to earn that you will not have (to the same degree) in your 30s and 40s. Setting some money aside, especially in your early 20s, will give you a big advantage once you eventually realise the value of owning a home. As the saying goes, “The early bird gets the worm”. The money you should set aside on a regular basis doesn’t have to be big either! By cutting down on things you spend every day or every-now-and-then, you’ll eventually accrue enough savings to consider getting a downpayment.We’re not saying you should completely stop spending on the fun things in life (though if applicable, do it!), but you can definitely compromise on their frequency for the sake of your future home security.Tips to save money every day, every week, every monthLimit the international travel(Carefully selecting and limiting your international travel is a great way to save money. Photo by Economytraveller.com)You’re young and the world is your oyster. But much like the pearl in it, it can get really expensive. If you have a knack for travelling abroad multiple times a year, you might wanna cut that down to once or twice per year, at most.International ticket fares cost no less than $200 USD (return flight included). Of course, airfare tickets aren’t the only thing you’ll be spending on. Depending on how long you’re staying and what you’re gonna be doing, you could budget anywhere from $300 USD to $1,000 USD for accommodation, food, souvenirs, and activities.You’ll be saving around $500 USD per year at least simply by holding off on that trip. We know cutting down on this expense can be a pain for the travel bug in you. But these are substantial amounts you could be saving for a real estate property you can call your own!Limit the expensive restaurants(Good burgers like this can cost upwards of $10 USD per serving in Phnom Penh. Photo by Timothy O’Toole)Cambodia, especially Phnom Penh, is home to a lot of good food! The capital city hosts a multitude of cultures offering their cuisines alongside local Khmer favourites. But as the market for good food grows, so do their accompanying price tags.The best meals are often among the expensive - easily ranging from $20 USD to $100 USD per meal. If you like to spend above $10 USD or more per meal, that means you’re spending around $20-30 USD per day on food. That amounts to around $600-900 USD on food every month, which is a lot!You can scale back on expenses by opting for cheaper (and often better value) food options, or plan your grocery shopping and cook from home more often. Since Phnom Penh is filled with superb food options, good eats can cost as little as $3-5 USD per meal.Food expense breakdownCost per meal (USD)Frequency per dayTotal cost per day (USD)Total cost per month (USD)103309005315450You could save around $450 USD (or more) per month or $5,400 USD per year simply by opting to eat meals at more modest places. Let’s not forget that you can save more money if you know how to cook! And if you don’t know how to cook, it’s a damn good life skill to have, so you better learn.Learn to say “No” to expensive activities/outings(Saying “No” can be good for your wallet and your eventual downpayment for your very own home. Photo by LostPlate.com)We love our friends and family. But constantly saying “Yes” to whatever and wherever they want to do or go can hurt your savings! It’s quite difficult to put a value on activities as these vary wildly. But for the sake of discussion, let’s assume some financial implications:Let’s say you’re spending $40 USD on outings every weekend - and that’s on top of your food expenses such as drinks, movies, transportation, or whatever is trending. If you go out every weekend (4x month) that could be an additional $160 USD of monthly expenses.Activity/Outing cost per monthTotal activity cost per weekend (USD)Frequency per monthTotal cost per month (USD)40416040280Again, activity/outing costs vary wildly. But one thing is for sure: going out every weekend is a bad idea if you’re planning to save money for a future project like owning your very own home.Skip the expensive coffee(Cutting down on your daily coffee can add up to significant savings at the end of the year. Photo by Discover Cambodia)At the risk of being chased out of Phnom Penh with pitchforks and lit torches, we have to say frequent consumption of expensive coffee can be bad for your savings! Let’s crunch some numbers.Cost breakdown of buying coffee per monthCost per branded coffee (USD)Frequency per dayTotal cost per day (USD)Frequency of days buying coffeeTotal cost per month (USD)2.525301502.512.52050You could be spending up to $150 USD per month if you’re spending $2.50 USD per serving of coffee and buying twice a day. Cutting this down to effectively half (in terms of frequency) can save you an additional $100 USD per month or $1,200 USD per year!We understand that this is going to be a tall order for a country that loves its caffeine. But constantly consuming coffee - multiple times a day - can slow down the progress of your savings.If you are looking to treat yourself to one excellent coffee, try out these cafes in Phnom Penh.Track your daily/weekly/monthly expenses(Tracking your regular expenses can you better insight into your spending habits - and know where to save. Photo by Review Geek)Listing down what you spend isn’t a bad thing, it's a smart thing to do to keep you in track! It will provide you with insights into your spending habits. Here are a few questions you can answer by tracking your regular expenses:What am I spending on?How much am I spending on it?How often do I spend on it?Answering the questions above will give you a picture of your spending habits and eventually help you decide on how best to maximise your savings with these questions:How come I’m not able to save any money?Do I really need to spend on this?Can I limit how much I’m spending on this?Knowing your spending habits goes beyond being able to save money, it can actually give you a picture of what your priorities are! Hence, why big companies today are invested in acquiring the financial data of consumers. But that’s a discussion for another day.Curious about home loan options in Cambodia?.Create a separate bank account specifically for savings(Banks like ABA offer convenient ways to create a savings account. Something you’ll need for any savings goal you may have. Photo by ABA)As my mom always says, “Save first and spend what’s left”. Banks like ABA allow you to make a separate bank account easily through your mobile device. Whenever you receive your salary or have money coming your way, we suggest saving a portion first before spending any of it, not the other way around!How much you need to save is entirely up to you as you know your needs best. A piece of good advice on knowing much to set aside is to “save money until it hurts”. This means you should set aside money right away and leave enough to meet your regular necessities. For the sake of putting a figure on it, this could range anywhere from saving 25% to 30% of whatever funds come your way.And remember, do not touch your savings unless it’s absolutely necessary!Read more in our ultimate guide to banking for foreigners in Cambodia.“Save money, it will be worth it”You may have already heard this several times from your elders, and it’s a cliché, we know. But you’ll soon realise that it’s cliché because it’s true.Cutting down on daily comforts will be difficult at first, and the temptation to indulge yourself will be alluring for sure, but trust us when we say it will pay off in the end. Owning a home is the best form of security you can give yourself, and quite frankly, you owe it to yourself to secure your future.So, the next time you’re thinking of buying your 3rd coffee at 5pm in the afternoon, ask yourself, “Do I really need this?”.Stay up-to-date on the real estate industry in Cambodia and get real-time updates on real estate news as they happen. Download the Realestate.com.kh App now!Article by:

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Guide to Retiring in Cambodia in 2024

May 31, 2024, 1:32 a.m.

Realestate News

Home & Living

Cambodia’s tourism is expected to increase with more direct flights to the Kingdom. This is opening new doors for new visitors, and potentially retirees. The Kingdom has long established itself as a pleasant and affordable place for seniors to spend their golden years. In this article will explain important points for aspiring expats seeking to retire in Cambodia. It encompasses the choice of visa, currencies & banking, healthcare, cost of living, transportation and where to live.Retirement Visa Regarding visa options, it is quite straightforward with its ER visa program, which enables foreign citizens over 55 to be eligible for visas lasting up to a maximum of 12 months. To get a retirement visa to Cambodia, it is necessary to apply for a regular visa first (E-class visa). The application can be made through the Cambodian Embassy, consulate in your home country or via the online visa portal. Once entering Cambodia, it is necessary to extend the visa to a retirement visa (ER) via a visa agency which will help in dealing with application forms to the Immigration Department. The following documents are required to complete the application:A passport with at least 6 months of validityA blank page in the passport for the visa issuanceA passport photoProof of retirement or pension schemeHealth certificateCriminal background checkAs of the latest update, the cost for the ER visa is approximately $290-$300 for a year. After the visa duration is completed, it must be renewed or extended if one wants to continue living in the Kingdom. It is possible to renew or extend the visa for a duration of 1,3,6 or 12 months.Currencies & Banking ABA Bank, Canadia, and ACLEDA are popular banks in Cambodia. (Source: Khmer Times)Cambodia uses dual currency: the Cambodian riel (KHR) and the US dollar (USD). It's important to note that only US notes are used, not coins, and there are no riel coins. Both currencies are widely used for everyday transactions. However, it is preferable to use riel when purchasing items, as the change is likely to be favourable.When it comes to banking, banks offer options to open accounts using riel or dollars as the default currency. Foreign retirees will also need to transfer their pension funds to a local bank or use a money remittance company. Fortunately, Cambodia has multiple choices for transferring funds from abroad. In Phnom Penh, several branches of Western Union, MoneyGram, and other money transfer companies offer these services.HealthcareAn important aspect of living abroad as a foreign national, especially for retirees, is the healthcare system and its affordability. Cambodia’s healthcare system has significantly improved over the last decade and continues to do so. There are several private clinics, and the public sector is continually developing its services and infrastructure.The Royal Phnom Penh Hospital is regarded as one of the best hospitals in the country. (Source: Supplied)The leading hospitals in Phnom Penh include Royal Phnom Penh Hospital, Calmette Hospital, and several clinics such as Intercare and Advance European Medicare Center. Moreover, dental care is generally of a good standard and quite affordable in Cambodia. Prices for scaling start from $30, and single-tooth implants are around $1,000. Pharmacies are easily found in most parts of the city, offering affordable and accessible drugs and medicines.Many retirees choose to purchase health insurance that covers them for medical treatment both in Cambodia and abroad. It's important to research and understand the healthcare options available and consider including medical expenses in your retirement budget.Where to LiveWhen it comes to deciding where to live, Cambodia offers a variety of landscapes to suit different lifestyle preferences. For those who prefer city life, Phnom Penh is the ideal choice as most economic activities happen in the capital. The city continues to grow with new shopping malls and high-rise buildings, both residential and commercial. Depending on the renter's budget and lifestyle preferences, renting a property in Phnom Penh can range from as low as $200 for a simple studio unit. Modern units in high-rises with a variety of amenities and services start from at least $700 in prime locations such as BKK1, and Tonle Bassac. BKK1 district is a popular neighbourhood where expats choose to live in Phnom Penh. (Credit: Realestate.com.kh)For a more laid-back lifestyle, Siem Reap is a preferred destination. It is notably popular due to its proximity to the Angkor Wat temple complex, the largest religious monument in the world. It is known to be a more tourist-driven city with an expat community, multiple entertainment options, and dining places that contribute to making the life of retirees pleasant while enjoying a jungle-like environment. Housing options in Siem Reap differ from Phnom Penh, with no high-rise developments but quality accommodations available throughout the town. Rental prices for studios can range from a minimum of $200 depending on the location to more integral resorts such as Angkor Grace.Sihanoukville, Kampot, and Kep are also popular destinations for retirees. In the last decade, Sihanoukville has seen significant development, especially with the construction of new buildings, casinos, and other entertainment facilities. It offers a beach getaway to the islands of Koh Rong and Koh Rong Sanloem for those who enjoy the beach. Kampot and Kep are known for their slow-paced lifestyle, with a community of expats and retirees enjoying their golden days in the countryside.Transportation Transportation in Cambodia is relatively affordable, with options including tuk-tuks, motorbikes, trains, and buses. Tuk-tuks are a popular mode of transportation for short distances within cities, while motorbikes are commonly used for longer trips or exploring the countryside. Buses are available for intercity travel, with both short and long-distance routes. However, it's important to note that road safety and infrastructure in Cambodia may not be up to Western standards, and caution is advised when using transportation options.Cost of LivingCambodia is known for its affordable cost of living, making it an attractive option for retirees on a budget. Expenses such as housing, utilities, transportation, food, and entertainment are generally lower compared to many Western countries. Monthly living costs can vary depending on your lifestyle and location, with Phnom Penh being relatively more expensive than other cities.Below is an approximate average of the costs of living in Phnom Penh.ExpensesAverage Costs Monthly ($)Water$5 onwardsElectricity$20 onwardsGas$15-$17 (depending on market price)Food $150-$300Transportation$50-$150Retiring in Cambodia has become a popular option for foreigners seeking to enjoy their retirement without compromising on quality. The ease of obtaining the Cambodia ER visa, healthcare facilities, affordable cost of living and a large variety of housing options are just a few of the reasons why many choose Cambodia for their golden years.If you are interested in learning more about properties in Cambodia, our real estate agents are ready to assist you. Contact us today. Click Here

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Expat Rental Guide: Siem Reap

June 6, 2022, 5:07 p.m.

Home & Living

Property Buyers & Sellers Advice

A majority of Siem Reap’s roads are paved, making it easier for residents to move around. Photo from Khmer Times.Siem Reap is an amazing area of Cambodia filled with history. It’s no surprise that many expats chose to move here when they arrived in the Kingdom. Temples, nature, culture and arts are just a few of the factors that make Temple Town so great.This Expat Rental Guide will help you figure out how to find the best expat rentals in Siem Reap. This guide will also answer the following questions you need to know before signing that rental agreement:How much does it cost to rent in Siem Reap?What’s the best property for an expat to rent in Siem Reap?What should I keep in mind before renting in Siem Reap?Realestate.com.kh is Cambodia’s largest real estate classifieds portal. It is home to over 30,000 (and growing) property listings and works with the most reliable real estate developers and agencies across the Kingdom.For this guide Realestate.com.kh is collaborating with Daka Kun Realty, a popular real estate agency in Siem Reap staffed by local real estate experts, to help expats find the right property for their needs!How much does it cost to rent in Siem Reap?There are plenty of quality houses/villas for rent in Siem Reap without breaking the bank, like this one from Daka Kun Realty.For a ballpark estimate, renting in Siem Reap can cost anywhere from US $350 - $2,000 including utilities, this figure is dependent on several factors like type of property, size, facilities and location. Check out our breakdown of the different costs in the guide below.Monthly Rent in Siem ReapRenting a residential property in Siem Reap can cost anywhere from $250 to upwards of $1,800 per month depending on type of property, amenities available and location. A 1-bedroom apartment could cost $300 USD a month or even $600 USD a month if you’re feeling fancy, while a 2-bedroom can cost as low as $500. Siem Reap has a lot of rental properties to the point that your mileage may vary.Houses and villas (houses with yards) are also available for rent in Siem Reap. According to Daka Kun Realty, which has a whole portfolio of landed properties for rent, landed houses usually start rentals at $300 per month.Check available rentals in Siem Reap todayRental Deposit in Siem ReapRental Deposits in Siem Reap (and Cambodia in general) can be the equivalent of 1-2 month’s rent. According to Daka Kun Realty, this depends on the length of stay agreed on: a 6-month lease commonly asks for a 1-month rental equivalent and a 12-month lease could be up to 2 months. Although this may vary from landlord to landlord.The deposit is used to pay for any damages/lost items incurred during your stay on the property. Sometimes this is used to pay for your last month of renting the property. Though this depends on the rental agreement.Electricity cost in Siem ReapElectricity cost in Cambodia is around 800 - 1000 KHR per kWh (0.21 - 0.25 USD cents per kWh). Yes, it is considerably more expensive compared to neighbouring countries like Thailand and Vietnam. It is important to note that some landlords round this up to 0.25 USD per kWh.According to Daka Kun Realty, expat renters can expect the electricity costs in Siem Reap.Property typeCost in KHR per kWhCost in USD per kWhApartment1,0000.25House/Villa7800.19Water cost in Siem reapWater utility in Siem Reap is adjusted depending on monthly consumption. But generally, there are fixed rates employed by landlords to simplify calculations.Property typeCost in KHR per m3Cost in USD per m3Apartment2,5000.62House/Villa1,7000.42Rental TaxesThere is a withholding tax of 14% for rental properties in Cambodia. However, it is common practice for landlords to cover this.What is the best property to rent as an expat in Siem Reap?Siem Reap offers a lot of choices that cater to many different walks of life. Given its diverse population, much of its rentals have also grown to accommodate many different tastes. Find out which one is right for you (and your budget!)Apartments/CondosExpect around $250 per month as a starting price for new/renovated 1-bedroom apartments in Siem Reap. You can find a table below of what prices to expect when renting in the city.Cost of renting an apartment in Siem ReapNumber of bedsMedian rent per month1-bedroom$2502-bedroom$3503-bedroom$500NOTE: These are starting prices of recommended properties for expatriates, especially those looking for western-style apartments like in the image above. You can still find more affordable/premium accommodations by searching on Realestate.com.khAmenities to expect in apartments in Siem ReapRentals in Siem Reap have usual inclusions such as furnishings, appliances, and common fixtures. The only thing missing might be a WiFi connection. However, more landlords have started installing WiFi to make things easier for expatriates.Apartments for rent in Siem ReapHouse/VillaAccording to Daka Kun Realty, houses start at $300 while villas start at $500 per month. Houses/Villas available for rent often come complete with furnished interiors and some additions depending on how premium the property is.Houses/Villas are interchangeable when referring to rental properties. Villas, however, usually have large yards and spacious interiors.Cost of renting a house/villa in Siem ReapType of PropertyStarting rentHouse$300Villa$500NOTE: These are starting prices of recommended properties for expatriates, especially those looking for western-style homes/home interiors like in the image above. You can still find more affordable accommodations by searching on Realestate.com.kh.Amenities to expect in houses/villas in Siem ReapUsual inclusions are the furnishings, appliances and common fixtures. The only thing missing might be a WiFi connection. However, more landlords have started installing WiFi to make things easier for expatriates.Houses for rent in Siem ReapWhere are the best areas for expats to rent?Siem Reap’s central areas are the best areas for expats to rent. They’re close to supermarkets, restaurants, shops, and anywhere else you might need something from. Daka Kun Realty recommends the following areas:Sala KamreukSala Kamraeuk commune. East of the river and south of Highway 6, this area is fairly quiet, but still has a range of restaurants and shops.Svay DangkumSvay Dangkum is across the river from Sala Kamraeuk. Most of the backpacker hostels are here. And don’t forget the famous Pub Street!Sla KramSla Kram is north of Sala Kamraeuk. It’s closer to Angkor Wat park and has tons of local flavour.Things to consider before renting in Siem ReapWhen signing on the dotted line for rental properties, small very important details are oftentimes overlooked. But you should remember that your final lease agreement might not include many important elements that will ultimately make or break a rental agreement. You can check out our guide on a rental checklist worth going over before signing any lease!Things to consider when renting in CambodiaWhether you’re someone new to renting or it’s your first time coming to Siem Reap, we hope this guide has given you a few things to consider for your future rental in the temple town. Now, the real step begins: Find the right rental property in Siem Reap for you!Help me find an apartment/house for rent in Siem ReapArticle by:

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Guide to starting a business in Cambodia

June 7, 2022, 7:12 a.m.

Realestate News

Home & Living

This year’s World Bank Ease of Doing Business report ranked the country 185 out of 190 when it comes to starting a business in Cambodia. However, many foreigners are still attracted to the Kingdom as a place to begin their journey as entrepreneurs. The report showed that it took an average of 99 days to complete all the legal procedures to register an enterprise. It should be noted, however, that there are a wealth of options other than starting from the ground up. Many people choose to join up with a business that is already established. Others will hire a local fixer to help smooth the process of starting up an operation.Michelle Brown, the founder of Kampot’s Bohemiaz Resort and Spa, notes that she had a close friend living in the country help with the initial process of starting a business in Cambodia. Her associate then came on as a manager and helped find staff when they opened in 2014.Indeed, if you decide you want to try starting a business in Cambodia in either the food and beverage or hospitality sector, you can often find places that are already for sale. Perhaps you want to start a bar, guesthouse or restaurant. Just search business for sale in Cambodia on our site to check out options.‘Unofficial fees’ for doing business in CambodiaUnfortunately, Cambodia still has a reputation for being a place where bribes are a part of the business environment. To be sure, however, things are getting better day by day. Since many processes are quite slow, business owners will sometimes pay unofficial fees to expedite them. Realestate.com.kh does not endorse any form of bribery and recommends full compliance through official channels only.Sole proprietorship in CambodiaDo you want to start a sole proprietorship or a partnership? What licenses will you need? Will you be hiring workers? These are all questions you should be answering before you start the registration process. BNG Legal has this handy guide on their website that you can use as a jumping off point when you begin the process of starting a business in Cambodia.In fact, it wouldn’t hurt to get legal advice from a lawyer in the country. Just a short meeting can often be indispensable for sending you in the right direction. Registering a company in CambodiaBefore starting the registration process you will need:a valid business visaa local bank account with at least $1,000 depositeda certificate of health and a criminal background check from your home countryNote that you should open a bank account with a bank where you can pay government fees such as Acleda, FTB or Canadia Bank.After you have these materials it’s time to start the government registration process. This process will take you through the Ministry of Commerce (MoC), the General Department of Taxation (GDT) and the Ministry of Labor and Vocational Training (MLVT). Luckily, much of the MoC process can be completed online. Refer to the government's guide to registering a Cambodia business for more details.Cambodia business license costWhen the MoC process is complete you will only have two weeks to register as a taxpayer with the GDT. There you can either register for six months or one year as a taxpayer. The fee is $500 or $650, respectively. All documentation from the GDT is usually completed in less than a month.The MLVT process can also be completed—at least in part—online. Note also, that businesses will have to register for the National Social Security Fund here, dependent on how many employees they have.Additionally, there are licences that will be needed. This depends on the sector in which your business operates. If you are starting a guesthouse or restaurant the Ministry of Tourism will be where you go. These licences usually need to be renewed annually.Paying salary tax, profit tax and value-added tax (VAT) is done by the 20th of each month.Securing funding for your Cambodian businessThere are many different ways of getting the capital you need to initiate starting a business in Cambodia. Perhaps you want to scout out investors. Or maybe you want to raise the money yourself or pool funds with a partner. Every industry will have different needs when it comes to initial investments.What kind of business could you start in Cambodia?Traditionally, most foreigners coming to the country start Cambodian businesses in the tourism industry. This means bars, restaurants, guesthouses or tour companies. Many from other areas of Asia also find success expanding their existing operations in manufacturing or production. Increasingly, there are companies springing up in the tech, real estate and financial sectors. This is because the country has reasonably good technical infrastructure and a quickly growing and urbanising population. Make sure to do your research before diving into the country.Finding a space for your Cambodian businessOne of the biggest attractions of starting a business in Cambodia is the affordable real estate here. What’s more, it can be easy to find a space for sale that is already set up for what you need. If you want to start a hotel just search the listings on our site. Looking for a place with everything you need can sometimes be difficult. We recommend consulting the expert assistance of a real estate agent. They can help you zero in on what you need. Of course, if your operation is small you can look at coworking spaces. These are becoming more and more popular in the country and can be an affordable way to get started quickly.Hiring staff for your business in CambodiaHiring staff members is a long and intimate process. However, if it is done right your business will reap the rewards. The Kingdom is disproportionately young, so take this into consideration. A job with the right salary and a possibility of advancement will, hopefully, generate lots of interest.Training can be absolutely pivotal for new employees. Don’t let the cultural divide get in the way, either. If your enterprise is big enough, definitely consider hiring a professional HR manager that can solve any staffing issues.Cambodian offices are usually open for 40 hours a week, but many also work Saturday mornings as well to hit 45 hours a week. The Kingdom has a whopping 28 days of public holiday a year. Many businesses are starting to move towards a less holiday-intensive schedule, but compromises often need to be made. Family is a very important aspect in Khmer culture. Some businesses also choose to add one workday every month to make up for the holidays.Benefits and health insurance are on the rise in Cambodia. However, salary is still one of the most important factors for new hires. There is no hard and fast rule for Cambodian wages. In general, you get what you pay for. Staff with higher skills and more job prospects will command a higher wage. The best way to settle on a fair salary is to do plenty of research. Find out what similar positions in the country are offering. Staff retention is one of the biggest problems you could encounter after starting a business in Cambodia. It’s vital to find the right workers, invest in them and build a strong workplace culture. You can use a staffing agency, job site such as BongThom.com or ask for recommendations from trusted friends. If you plan ahead and emphasise thorough training you and your staff will succeed.Commenting on the rewards and challenges of hiring local staff, Bohemiaz’s Michelle Brown said that seeing her employees grow has been one of the most exciting parts of her experience after starting a business in Cambodia.“It just took some time to adjust to learning how to communicate … the most rewarding thing about what I have created at Bohemiaz isn't the development of the resort but seeing the young girls I employed four years ago blossom into amazing young ladies with real career aspirations and desire to travel and learn,” she said.Buying a business in CambodiaAnother popular option is to buy a business that is already set up. This is especially good if you want to start a hospitality business. Usually, you can find turnkey operations that already have a staff in place, all the needed infrastructure and even a customer base.A few specialty agents operate in the selling of turnkey businesses. One of the major names is Asian Business Brokers. What's more, these agents can also help new owners navigate the laws and requirements to help them get off the ground. Many agents suggest doing your research and having a good plan in place. Watch the video above, Crispian Knowles from Asian Business Brokers says that people need to be fully prepared before they start a business in Cambodia.There are tons of events going on across the country where you can spread the word about your business. Expos and trade shows go on all the time for sectors ranging from real estate and construction to cosmetics and travel. Get your brand out there!Networking with other Cambodia business ownersFellow business owners can be some of the best resources for advice. There are already tons of organisations in the country where you can connect with entrepreneurs from your country. Check out the American Chamber of Commerce in Cambodia (AmCham), BritCham and EuroCham. Their sites have tons of resources and their events are a great place for networking.More informal networks can be found in groups on Facebook and other social media. Finding like-minded individuals will help while you are starting a business in Cambodia. You will eventually get to know other business owners in the area and it can be good to show support for each other. After all, everyone benefits from a growing economy, right?Business Etiquette: Doing business in CambodiaJust like in any other country there are difficult parts to starting a business in Cambodia. You can learn from the mistakes of others, however, and come out ahead. One of the biggest tips you hear from entrepreneurs is to surround yourself with people you trust. Whether it’s business partners, staff or landlords, only rely on people who you truly have faith in. Your business should be like your child. After all, you wouldn’t let just anyone off the street babysit for you, right?Make sure you plan ahead. Do your research. Talk to experts. Ask lots and lots of questions. There is no such thing as too much preparation. Calculate everything out and have a plan in case it all goes wrong. You will thank yourself later.Lastly, and perhaps most importantly, stay flexible. Remember, Cambodia is still a developing nation. There will be setbacks and there will be headaches. If you can roll with the punches you will be that much better off.Brown mentioned that one of the biggest challenges she has faced has been with bank and government contracts. She urged business owners to be totally sure of all the details before signing on the dotted line.“Initially it was also difficult to get a regular supply of imported products, however in the last couple of years the supply chain has vastly improved and the range of western products in Kampot is now amazing,” she added. Creating a successful Cambodia businessGrowing a successful business isn’t easy. It definitely is possible, however. If you work hard you will have something to show for it. Surely you will learn loads about yourself and about this wonderful country.Don’t forget that Realestate.com.kh can help you nearly every step of the way, either. Besides helping you find real estate, our news section can keep you up to date on the sector. Click over to our reports section to check out surveys and reports. Additionally, we have other guides like this one that can help educate you and improve your skills.If you liked this guide you'll love our Investment Guide 2019. Download it for free and learn everything you need to know to start a business! Article by:

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Four tips on budgeting for a new home

June 6, 2022, 6:38 p.m.

Home & Living

Property Buyers & Sellers Advice

Everyone needs to save money for buying property! But, in order to save for your new home, or to borrow for that home, you will need to budget for it. And this budget only gets harder as your family grows…The following are 4 basic budget tips that will help you keep more money in your pocket and get a handle on your household finances, thanks to Realestate.com.kh.First of all, list your monthly income, including everything that earns you money. List all of the costs you have to pay each month: Including rent, power, gas, car repayments, school uniforms, food etc. In short, anything that is a necessity in your and your family’s life.List all of the costs you can avoid from the previous list… This includes all things that are not necessary in your life, including entertainment, take away food, fancy new clothes, travel etc. This represents your “expendable income”: money that doesn’t always need to be spent! It is very important that you and your family are honest about what you don’t really need, if you are serious about saving.Now that you have defined what you HAVE TO PAY and what YOU LIKE TO PAY each month, you can control your budget for the next month by reducing your expendable income spending.Subtract your necessary costs from your total income to see what remains for the next month’s budget. This figure is the amount of money you can potentially save each month if you control your spending habits. Completing this exercise should help you review your spending patterns and make better financial decisions. The better your budget, the more control you can have over your monthly savings. Ultimately, if you follow these tips, you will be surprised what money you can save to put toward a new home, or to manage home loan repayments. You should read How to Save Money When RentingLook for more information related to home loans in Cambodia? look for real estate for rent in Phnom Penh or real estate for sale in Phnom Penh? Check out Realestate.com.kh today.

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Critical tips for prospective lessors

June 6, 2022, 5:07 p.m.

Home & Living

Property Buyers & Sellers Advice

When you are looking for the best tenants for your property; regardless of the term of the tenancy, it is necessary to ensure you have a well-prepared property and legal lease document for your prospective tenants.Below are several major things to include in your lease agreements when creating or signing a residential tenancy agreement, thanks to realestate.com.kh:What Is a Lease Contract?A lease contract is a formal document that properly identifies the landlord (lessor), tenant (lessee), and the leased property. This document further states the lease term and rental fee, and detailed terms and conditions of the lease agreement.Who Should Be in the Lease Contract?When it comes to obtaining a lessee, it is strongly recommended that you draw up a written agreement. This legal contract needs to be completed by the lessor and lessee so that both parties are 100% clear on what their rights and obligations are.This contract also allows and specifies the tenant to temporarily use the property of the owner, legally, in exchange for paying a rental fee to the owner. It is essential that both parties keep a copy of this agreement to refer to when in doubt.In the contract, both parties can set the clauses to protect themselves if any circumstances were to change for either the lessor or lessee and how this should be remedied if these circumstances arise.The Lease Agreement Should Contain:Both parties must sit together and write up clearly what they expect from each other. These include:The description of the property (which describes the current location and overview of the property);● The names, signature, or thumbprint and addresses of both parties;● The current rental fee and reasonable escalation in the future;● The rental payment term (monthly, quarterly, or yearly);● The deposit amount;● The monthly payment amount;● The lease period;● The notice period for termination of contract;● The renewable term and condition;● The lessor's obligations;● The lessee's obligations;● The renovation permission;● The number of residents;● The tax obligation (In general responsible by lessor, but can be altered according to the discussion).All other costs must be paid by the lessee (waste collection, public light, electricity & water bill) unless otherwise negotiated in the rental agreement.Create an Inventory ListAn inventory list aims to describe all the furniture that is presently existing inside of the property (including photos) before the tenant moves in. This is critical to ensure both parties know what is present in the property - and especially for the lessor to ensure no furniture or chattels are removed without permission or opportunity for redress.The lessor also needs to list down any current defects and the agreement of both parties whether the lessor or lessee must take responsibility to have them fixed. This is generally the responsibility of the lessee. Generally, this is made in a separated document.Ultimately a contract between a lessor and lessee is critical in setting out the obligations of both parties to ensure there is no confusion about any aspects of the tenancy. It will also enable both parties protection if there was any dispute arises.Looking for property in Cambodia? Let us help!

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Considerations before you buy your first home

Considerations before you buy your first home

June 6, 2022, 5:07 p.m.

Home & Living

Property Buyers & Sellers Advice

In Cambodia, purchasing a property for the first time can be an overwhelming task. If you are a first-time home buyer, you should consider the following points before you make any financial commitments.Purpose of the new home: Different types of houses will bring you and your family different advantages and disadvantages.If you just want a house to live with your family, consider a villa home. Villas offer a lot of space for your family to grow, and a relaxed and private setting. If you intend to buy a home from which you can generate income through opening a retail shop, consider a shop house in a location where you can find consumers. These types of properties allow you both residential and commercial purposes. However, if you really value a location in the central city and want to live a more modern life, you can consider a condo unit. The extra benefit of a condo is that you should be able to rent it into the future, if you decide not to live in it yourself.If you are planning on a profitable resale, you can consider buying a property off-plan (under construction) in a new development project. New Borey projects in the suburban areas usually have high potential for reselling in coming years. Or, if you have more money to invest, you can consider a new condo unit for higher returns when it comes time to resell. However, keep in mind that often these properties won’t be ready to live in right away, and also make sure your choose the right developer with the correct licenses and history.Location of your first home:Purchasing a home at the very heart of the city sounds like a good idea thanks to its fundamental infrastructure and utilities. However, with almost all property prices within central city reaching their peak in recent years, and worsening traffic congestion during rush hours, most new home-buyers (in particular, middle-income class Khmers) are preferring to buy in the suburban areas of the city, at lower prices.The outskirts of Phnom Penh and other urban centers of Cambodia are an untapped area where there are offerings that have high potential for small businesses, commercial centers, population growth, and property price growth. At present, housing projects are shifting towards the suburbs to push the area to become more attractive and populated. Whether you buy to live, do business, or resell, you should look for a good location adjacent to markets, schools, hospitals, and other amenities. Location is an extremely important consideration for any property investment.Budget plan:Preparing a budget plan for your new home is very important for your future expenses. With a clear budget plan, you will be well prepared for your current and future payments. Without a regular income, you may run into problems after your first home purchase. If you’re planning on these costs in advance, it will make it easy for you to decide how much money you should and can borrow money from the bank.Home loan application:Most homebuyers in Cambodia usually do not have enough money to pay outright. This is why they turn to the bank for loan options to pay for their new home. Different banks will offer different types of home loans at various interest rates. However, when you get a home loan, you will be bound by the bank’s terms, including the interest rate charged on that loan. After qualifying for a home loan, you will be required by the bank to submit collateral, income confirmation letter, identity card and proof of a guarantor. For this reason, it might be best to consider your loan limits before you select your dream home.Another option is to pay directly with the developer (if it is a new project). In this case, the interest rate on home loan may be higher than that of the former option - so be careful before you sign up.Extra costs:In fact, purchasing a new home does not mean that you pay only for your property’s price. You also should think about other extra costs in addition to the property’s value. There are a number of fees involved you need to know when you buy a property. Those costs or fees include ownership transfer tax, legal fees, property tax, title verification, loan processing fee, application for registration, property insurance, real estate agent’s fee, and ongoing costs. Learn more about the details of these extra costs on realestate.com.kh today.Read more great Home Loan and Mortgage Advice, on Realestate.com.kh today! Or, if you are ready, apply for a home loan on Realestate.com.kh today!

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Home-buyer Guide: Extra costs when you buy a new home

Home-buyer Guide: Extra costs when you buy a new home

June 7, 2022, 6:48 a.m.

Home & Living

Property Buyers & Sellers Advice

Buying a new home to live in is a necessary thing for everyone in Cambodia, especially in Phnom Penh as most of them are renting but considering buying one for their family. However, buying a new home does not mean that you spend only on the base price of the property - you also have to spend on additional costs associated with the property. Therefore, it is vital that you be aware of extra costs associated with a property purchase in order not to have any unpleasant surprises. Below are several necessary tips on “additional costs” to help first-time homebuyers manage their budget plan for a new property in the event that you are unaware of it. Those additional costs include home loan application and legal fees, ownership transfer tax fee, home insurance fee, real estate agent’s fee, interest on home loan, application for registration and title verification fee, property tax fee, and ongoing costs. Home Loan application and legal fees When purchasing a home, most buyers in Cambodia usually do not have enough money to pay outright. Therefore, they will look for home loan options either with a company project or banks to buy one. However, If you choose a bank loan, you usually get 70% of the home value you are going to buy.Nhoep Nimol, a senior housing loan officer at Canadia Bank, said: “If a homebuyer applies for a home loan, he/she will be charged some fees to cover the charges incurred for valuation and processing of the loan. Then he or she has to pay 1 percent of total loan to the banks.”Ms. Nhoep added: “in the meantime, homebuyers will also have to pay $250 dollars to a lawyer for legal service which includes loan operation, legal advice, property check, and legal processing.”Interest on home loanIf you do not have enough money to buy a home and rely on a bank for a home loan, remember that you have to pay the interest on a home loan every year until the end of the contract. Bank loan terms can range up to 20 years, depending on the decision between homebuyers and the banks.Ms. Nhoep explained that if customers decide to get a bank loan, they need to pay interest which ranges from 8% to 10% per annum. Furthermore, homebuyers are required to submit collateral, hard title, and an income confirmation letter to the banks before qualifying for a home loan.Ownership Transfer tax feeIt is mandatory that homeowners pay ownership transfer tax during the transaction a.k.a. Stamp Tax. If you choose to buy a home in the Borey project, you will find it easy as the company has a master hard title to be issued to each homeowner. But homeowners have to pay 4% for this ownership transfer tax.Mr. Seng Sopheak, Chief Operating Officer at cplagent.com, said: “you need to pay 4% for the ownership transfer tax. In addition to the 4% transfer cost, buyers also need to spend about $1,000 to the cadastral office which is tasked with the overall operational processing of issuing the title.”“Usually, it takes around 12 weeks to complete the transfer of hard titles done at the cadastral office. A hard title, an ownership certificate issued by the Cadastral office, is the most secure form of ownership and recognized at the national ministerial level as well as at the Sangkat and district level,” added Mr. Seng.At present, due to the economic effects of COVID-19, the 4% Stamp Tax exemption for properties under $70,000 has been extended to 2023.Home insurance feeAlthough a relatively new concept in Cambodia compared to other ASEAN nations such as Singapore, Malaysia, and Thailand, home insurance is gradually spreading in Cambodia with more and more insurance firms starting their operation in the kingdom.Home insurance is currently not obligatory for homebuyers in Cambodia. But some developers such as Borey Peng Houth require their customers to buy home insurance when they buy a home from their project.Commenting on this, Mr. Seng explained that home insurance is crucial to every home buyer in Cambodia as he or she will not have to keep a lot of reserves for all types of risks possibly affecting his or her property. For home insurance fee, it depends on the size and value of the home: If the home price is above $100,000, the homeowner must pay $100 or higher per year and If the price is under $100,000, the homeowner must pay less than $100 per year.In any case, if you get a loan from the bank, Cambodia’s Ministry of Finance and Economy cooperate with banks and requires home buyers to buy home insurance of at least $70 per year.Application for Registration and Title Verification FeeDone at the District Land Office of the Ministry of Land Management, Urban Planning & Construction, you must pay a cadastral transfer fee of KHR 600,000 in order to insert the name of the new owner on the legal documents. Moreover, you also have to pay the title verification fee. According to Prakas 995 dated December 28th, 2012, checking for potential liens or encumbrances under a title will cost you around $12.50.Property taxLike other countries, all the immovable properties in Cambodia need to be paid annual tax; however, it will only apply to the properties with a value of $25,000 and above. According to the Prakas of the Ministry of Economy and Finance, the property tax is collected annually at a rate of 0.1% of the value of the property.To know how much you have to pay for your property tax, there is a clear formula for calculation on it. The property tax is computed by taking 80 percent of the property’s total value, subtracting $25,000, and then multiplying that by 0.1 percent.The property’s value is obtained through a government valuation, depending on several factors such as data collection on relative properties in the market, quality, and location. This tax equally applies to both Cambodian and foreign national who owns the property in Cambodia.Real estate agent’s feeIt is common practice for the seller to shoulder the commission for the agent. But this is not set in stone and there have been instances when buyers pay the agent's fee. It is advised to settle this matter in writing between the buyer and the seller.Mr. Seng explained that in Cambodia real estate agency charges a commission fee of 3%, usually from the seller. But in some cases, buyers also have to pay the commission fee of 3% when they want to buy property from someone. This occurs when the seller is unwilling to sell the property, but the buyer is willing to buy and asks for the agency to persuade the seller to sell their property.Property Management feeThose ongoing costs are usually paid monthly to support daily living including maintenance fees, repair costs, and bills such as internet, electricity, and water. Maintenance fees are paid by homeowners for the upkeep of the building. This fee varies between Borey home and condos/apartments.Mr. Seng says, “For borey home, the maintenance fee includes cleaner, security guard, and public light in the project area. It will be charged between $20 and $50 per month. For a condo, the fee ranges from $0.50 to $2 per square metre. In addition, living in a condo requires you to pay for parking space which ranges from $50 to $60 per month. Furniture and any future renovations can also be regarded as ongoing costs.”Ongoing costs for condos are usually covered in management fees.Looking for a new home in Cambodia? Let us help!

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Things to consider when buying in a Borey in Cambodia

Things to consider when buying in a Borey in Cambodia

June 7, 2022, 6:11 a.m.

Home & Living

Property Buyers & Sellers Advice

Cambodia’s rapidly growing property sector has opened up a new market for housing projects throughout the Kingdom. While condominiums continue to take the headlines in Cambodia’s construction news, little do outsiders know that Borey developments - gated communities featuring a range of popular residential housing - are beating condominiums in terms of popularity among Cambodia’s expanding middle-class.At the end of 2018, Knight Frank recorded a total of 46,197 units across 126 Borey developments. That number increased to 51,278 units across a total of 131 Boreys by the first half of 2019!The supply of landed property projects continues to grow in the first half of 2021 despite of the impacts of the global pandemic. 21 new projects were still launched in 9 districts in the capital which added l15,500 units to the future supply.This number is expected to grow in the coming years but you can get up-to-date Realestate.com.kh’s Real Estate Survey and Reports here.What is a Borey and what makes it so popular?A Borey development is a gated community featuring a range of housing types popular among Cambodians. It can feature single villas, twin villas, hybrid villas, linked houses, shophouses, and flat houses. These different housing types further offer a wide range of preferences in terms of floor area, number of rooms, and prices to accommodate the needs of individuals, families, and/or businesses.Since Boreys occupy a considerable amount of space, some areas of the development may be allocated for parks, children's’ playgrounds, markets, and retail stores. These gated communities also feature 24/7 security through private security personnel and infrastructure.Where to buy a Borey in Cambodia?According to the General Population Census 2019, over 2,200,000 Cambodians live in Phnom Penh. This makes Phnom Penh the most populated city in the Kingdom and it only follows that most of the Kingdom’s Borey developments are concentrated here.A high percentage of borey developments are located in the outlying districts of the capital city, because of two primary (and related) reasons.First, Phnom Penh’s almost-breakneck pace of development leaves little-to-no room for Boreys to be developed within the city center.Second, because of the speed of development, land prices close to the city center make it virtually impossible to make any Borey development appealing for a majority of Cambodians.Given the variety of Borey developments, we recommend buyers to check the latest Borey projects close to Phnom Penh.(Borey VIP in Dangkao commune, Dangkao district) (Borey Lorn City Lotussana in Chaom Chau commune, Por Sen Chey) (Borey Galaxy 11 in Spean Thma commune, Dangkao district)As the Borey market in Phnom Penh gets more competitive, developers have started looking elsewhere in the Kingdom for future projects.Siem Reap, the second most populated city in the country with over 1,000,000 residents (General Population Census 2019) has started seeing its own Borey launches in the last couple of years.Most Borey developments have reported strong off-plan sales figures, with some citing sold-out figures in their first and second phases. The interest shown by the local market suggests that the city’s market is open to new property developments despite the popularity of shophouses and traditional Khmer houses in Siem Reap.The Borey market in this culturally rich city is growing every year. We recommend interested buyers to check the latest Borey projects in Siem Reap and some of the featured boreys below:Bakong Village - Bakong, Prasat BakongVnom Empire - Ampil, Prasat BakongBorey Royal Angkor Village - Svay Leu, Svay LeuSihanoukville has seen rapid commercial and residential developments since 2015, mostly focused on mixed-use developments. Borey developers, however, have taken an interest in the city as the on-going development of a USD $2 billion expressway from Phnom Penh to Sihanoukville, and a USD $294 million road rehabilitation within the city, makes it a strong candidate for Cambodia’s next major urban centre.For property hunters looking for the comforts of the city while having easy access to Cambodia’s beaches, we recommend interested Borey buyers to check Borey VIP in Sihanoukville and all the latest borey developments in Sihanoukville.How are Borey properties priced?Borey properties vary greatly in terms of prices. This is mainly because of the aforementioned variety of properties offered within any given Borey development. For ballpark estimates, Knight Frank’s report cites that these could range from USD $750 to USD $1,700 per square metre in 2019.Then again, land prices in Cambodia are constantly on the rise so these prices are expected to further increase in the immediate (2-3 years) future.Factors that directly/indirectly affect Borey prices also vary. Here are some key considerations in Borey price assessment:How far away is the Borey community from the nearest commercial centre? (Shopping centres, theatres, banks, government institutions, airports, etc.)What are the included amenities in the Borey? (community park & events centre, children's playground, public swimming pool, etc.)Did the developer build the necessary residential infrastructure themselves? (electrical grids, water and sewage pipelines, access roads, etc.)Is the Borey overall an affordable/mid-tier/premium Borey?We suggest you consider these factors, in addition to your specific and personal needs, when buying a Borey, or any property, in the Kingdom of Cambodia.Find out more about property valuation fees in Cambodia.Tax law for Borey in CambodiaFor any property of any type with a freehold/hard title in Cambodia, whether you’re a local or a foreigner, there is a transfer tax that you have to pay whenever you purchase a property. The transfer tax is 4 per cent of the property’s value.An annual property tax is also levied on landed property exceeding 100,000,000 riels ($25,000) in value. This tax is collected annually at a rate of 0.1% of the property’s value. The tax is based on the value of lands, houses, buildings and other constructions built on the land by deducting 100,000,000 riels (USD$ 25,000) from the property in question.The (property) value of lands, houses, buildings and other constructions that are built on the land shall be determined based on the market price by the Property Evaluation Committee established by the Prakas of the Minister of Economy and Finance, according to the General Department of Taxation.Read more in our guide on property tax in Cambodia.Can foreigners own a Borey in Cambodia?Foreigners are prohibited to own landed property by the foreign ownership law in Cambodia that was promulgated on May 24, 2010. Since Boreys are considered landed property, this type of housing is essentially prohibited from being owned by a non-Cambodian citizen.A foreign national can either get married to a Cambodian and name it after their spouse, or gain Cambodian citizenship for themselves after satisfying state requisites.What type of ownership titles are available for a Borey in Cambodia?Cambodia uses three types of ownership titles. These are the soft title, hard title, and the LMAP title — the safest type of title. So, if you buy any Borey homes, it’s best to ask the project owner for LMAP title to be the most secure for your future immovable assets.What do you need to check when buying a Borey in Cambodia?The Cambodian government, through its respective agencies, has cracked down on erring developers who do not have the proper documentation for their projects. But it’s always good to exercise some due diligence on your part. That’s just being a smart consumer!Here are the 5 key legal documents you need to look for when checking a Borey’s legal adherence:Hard Title: You have to look at two classifications of hard titles when dealing with Boreys. The first is the hard title for the whole Borey development. This is called a master title - and will cover the entire piece of land on which the project sits. The second one should be hard titles that are subdivided for each residential unit included in the Borey. These are called individual titles.A legitimate Borey development should be able to produce both of these hard titles to potential buyers. If they can’t show this, don’t put any money down until they do.NOTE: It is also possible for developers to issue a Soft Title for their properties, but it would be in your best interest as a resident to get a Hard Title.Development Company Registration: Development companies will need to register themselves to gain approval from the necessary ministries to proceed with construction. However, construction is not always a sign that they’ve been approved. You can ask to see their company registration just to make sure both the project and the developers can proceed legally.Master Plan Approval: The Ministry of Land Management will need to approve the developer’s Master Plan first before the construction begins. A credible developer will be able to provide you with it or at least show you a copy.Construction License: The construction company then goes through a thorough background check with the Ministry of Land Management. Boreys must have a single registered construction company building the units and infrastructure to ensure consistency and quality throughout the development. Once this has been cleared, the construction company is then given a license.Borey License: The Ministry of Economics and Finance releases the license for the Borey once everything is in order. This means that the developer has satisfied the requirements of the Government in terms of quality, design, sales plans, and documentation.Is buying Borey in Cambodia a good investment?Good investments are always based on a given market’s projected needs - and Cambodians are increasingly demanding more and better homes every year. Land prices for Borey developments have already seen a considerable increase in recent years.According to data from Knight Frank, the average launch price of Borey projects in 2018 amounted to USD$ 715 per square metre. This jumped to USD$ 940 per square metre in 2019. The high-end of Borey developments have seen the biggest jump with 2018 launch prices ranging around USD$ 1,200 to USD$ 1,350 per square metre - this increased to an average of USD$ 1,700 per square metre in 2019.The global pandemic caused some fluctuations in the prices from 2020-2021 according to CBRE Cambodia’s recent Market Overview report.Another factor to consider is that Boreys currently in the pipeline, and consequently, other future Boreys, will be built further away from the city centres (especially Phnom Penh).Considering this rapid outward expansion, established Boreys will definitely see a massive increase in value in the coming years.How do you pay for Borey in Cambodia?The adage “Cash is King” is prevalent in Cambodian transactions. Having your own money in cash gives you good leverage in getting a discount for property purchases in the Kingdom.But if your current situation calls for more immediate purchase, with not enough cash to purchase the whole property, instalment options are also available through bank loans and other licensed microfinance institutions.If you’re getting a home loan, you can get one from ABA Bank, Chip Mong Bank, Vattanac Bank, and many more. To get a bank loan, you need to have regular monthly income, collateral, the hard title of the property, and guarantees.There will also be a background check for the prequalification on a loan payment to the bank.Should you buy an off-plan Borey in Cambodia?Many project developments in Cambodia are sprouting up with a new sales strategy by selling off-plan units. Off-plan means the project owners are selling their projects before and during the start of the project’s construction.Buying a unit on an off-sale plan can be advantageous: You can get a good discount, you can choose your unit in the project before anyone else does, and even influence the design of your house.There is, however, the risk that the development might run into trouble in the future that may lead to the construction being stalled or even cancelled. To help you better sleep at night, we strongly recommend you follow our guide to checking the developer’s legal papers in the earlier part of this guide.Stay up for up-to-date news on the real estate industry in Cambodia and get real-time updates on real estate news as they happen. Download the Realestate.com.kh App now!Article by:

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Orkide Villa: Growing Houses in Phnom Penh

Orkide Villa: Growing Houses in Phnom Penh

June 6, 2022, 5:04 p.m.

Home & Living

As “ADB predicts a rosier growth for Cambodia in 2017”, developers are slowly jumping on to the opportunity to both make a profit from it and also contribute to the country’s economic growth – specifically in the construction and real estate industries. Take this with Cambodia’s upgrade to a lower-middle income status, you get a new set of up and coming luxury developments! And one of these is the Orkide Villa. But just what exactly does this villa have to offer when compared to the multitude of projects being constructed? Realestate.com.kh digs deep to show you what!Deriving from the inspiration of the name itself, Orkide Villa is set out to become Chroy Changva’s “Botanic City,” using elements that are both innovative and familiar to customers who wish to purchase units on the project. Its design is a play on modern architecture intertwined with Cambodia’s natural greenery – offering a taste of both worlds. It’s sort of similar to the Supertree Grove at the Gardens by the Bay in Singapore. Meanwhile, its interiors are also going to be lavishly decorated with current but timeless fixtures, fittings, and colors. The main color palette being black, brown, gold, green, and white.The project will have two villa types. Namely, the Grand Villa and the Twin Villa. The Grand Villa will have a total of 3 floors, 1 master bedroom, 5 bedrooms, a family room, a dining room, a kitchen, 2 maid rooms, a store room, a laundry room, a car park, a children area, and 9 bathrooms. Meanwhile, the Twin Villa contains a master bedroom, 3 bedrooms, 6 bathrooms, a dining room, a kitchen, a living room, a store room, a laundry room, and 2 car parks.The Orkide Villa is also located in a safe area where there is both peace and 24-hour security. Schools, shops, and other establishments also line the area for easy access. These include a Caltex gas station, Chenda Shop, VegeFresh Supermarket, Unicaffee, Sdok Pravoek, Dary Sports, Pro’s Auto, Heng Siden, and Bamboo Finance PLC.It’s also relatively easy to move around as the project’s close to public transport and main roads like the Phnom Penh Hanoi Friendship Boulevard.To top it off, The Orkide Villa has come highly commended as one of the best housing developments in Phnom Penh during the 2016 Cambodia Property Awards, further solidifying its spot as one of the country’s best investment properties.So, if you’re trying to look for either an investment or a purchase property for the long-term, it’s worth looking at some of the units at The Orkide Villa!Take a look at similar projects on Realestate.com.kh!

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Real Estate Scams to avoid in Cambodia

June 7, 2022, 3:32 a.m.

Realestate News

Home & Living

Despite the huge growth in the Cambodia real estate industry, there are still many operators that are conducting real estate scams and misinformation for a quick profit.Given the loose regulation of the industry, and the mixed standard of agent ethics, many of these scams do not come to light until it is too late. If you are not wary of these types of scams and misrepresentations, it could damage you financially. Here is a list of the most common scams in the market, thanks to Realestate.com.kh. Keep these common real estate scams in mind when you are searching for property from both private sellers and agents in Cambodia, and protect yourself and your property assets. If you ever think you might be getting scammed, seek professional legal advice!The Double Title Scam:Properties in Cambodia come with soft titles and hard titles. Sometimes a property may have both. This scam involves an owner selling the house to two buyers. One buyer gets the soft title and the other gets the hard title. The person with the soft title loses the house because soft titles are only recognized in the local government, while a hard title is recognized at a national level. There has also been cases of multiple titles being issues, or forged - and sellers selling the same property to multiple people. There is a possibility that the buyer with the hard title is involved in the scam, but that is not always the case.You can avoid this scenario by making an inquiry with the Ministry of Land Management, Urban Planning and Construction and the local government office managing property registration. Get a copy of the title from the seller and check it against official records.Another safety precaution is to check whether the neighbors have hard titles. If they do, this means that the government has already titled the area. Buying a soft title in a place where most neighbors have hard titles is not advisable.Hidden Land Disputes:Having a soft or hard title in this scam is hardly relevant. This scam involves the property standing on a land with an ongoing dispute. Talking to neighbors usually reveals this issue. But you should also conduct a title search through a commune council official or the Ministry of Land just to be on the safe side. A professional real estate agent will do this on your behalf, or a lawyer with experience in property transactions.Deposit Disappearance Act:This scam is done by a fake owner. A buyer is asked to pay a deposit to secure the property. The seller then disappears after receiving the deposit. You may opt to pass the deposit through a reliable third party or an intermediary escrow bank account until everything is settled to protect yourself from this.False owner:This scam involves someone pretending to be the owner of a property. These properties are mostly vacant properties. What you can do is ask or have someone ask the neighbors and village chief about the property and its history and owners. Then cross-check whether there are discrepancies with their stories and the seller’s story. Again, a title check is crucial - if the owner can’t produce the title, something is wrong. Go to the relevant authority and find out whether or not they are the real owner before you give them any money.Hidden House Lease:There are instances where a house has a fully-paid long term lease. It could also be registered as a separate entity from the land. It may also have rooms sold that utilized soft titles. This is a very complicated situation and should be approached with caution. A title search should reveal the facts. Hard titles should have all the necessary details.You should seek help from local authorities if there’s just a soft title in place. As a preliminary check, note if there are rooms inside the property that the seller cannot open. If they intend to sell the house, they must be willing to force the door open or should have the key to open it.Hidden Damage:One of the reasons people sell their properties at a lower cost is because there are damages you may not be able to see. Some of them are not really visible until after you’ve made the purchase and started moving in. It’s advisable that you bring an expert with you who can check the plumbing, electricity, and the structural strength of the property before you put any money down for it.Flooding area:“No flooding” seems to be one of the selling points in property listings. Sellers will advertise it being in a flood free area even when it’s not. This can be detrimental once the rains come pouring in. One of the things you can check is whether there are flood lines; that is, where the lower half of a wall is darker. You can also ask around on forums or to neighbours in the area whether it really is a flood-free zone.Pre-selling Scam:This is when a so-called developer advertises a new project and collects money that they say they’re going to use for construction, and then they suddenly vanish into thin air. This might be a landed housing project, a borey project, a plot land venture or a condo development.This can be avoided by doing a thorough background check on the developer’s previous projects. Trusted developers usually already have a good track record. Note, this doesn’t necessarily mean that new developers are scammers.You can also try looking for news articles regarding the development project from major and trusted publications. They mostly indicate prior achievements by the developer and whether it’s been approved or not. Take note though, positive media coverage should not be relied upon solely - as it is not full proof.You can verify with the involved ministries as well – such as the Ministry of Land Management, Urban Planning, and Construction – if there are any approvals and certifications in place for the developer. They should have a company license for their development company. They should also have a master hard title for the land on which they are developing, a license for the development including a master plan of the full development from start to finish, and they should have a construction license. If the developer won’t present these things when asked, this is a clear warning sign. If you can’t buy with a hard title, or a strata title for high rise units, this is a clear warning sign.Extension Scam:These real estate scams involve declaring a property larger than it actually is and then selling it. The seller might say the property size is at 6x16 when it’s only 4x10. Buying in this condition sets you up to potentially get part of your house demolished in the future. Sometimes the owner will be aware of the issue, and sometimes they won’t - so this isn’t always a deliberate scam.Checking the title at the relevant authority for these sizes will clarify this situation. Properties with an LMAP title have had the borders defined and GPS coordinates prescribed. These are the safest titles, and they can be executed at cost. The additional cost, however, will guarantee you are buying exactly what you think you are.Working in Tandem:These type of real estate scams involve two entities or people working together to increase a property price. One person buys undeveloped land and the second person announces a new development nearby. The development usually doesn’t specify a specific location. The other person then sells the undeveloped land at a higher price. They then both split the profit. Nothing is ever built after that.Avoiding this is easier than the other scams because big developments need the approval of several ministries and are undertaken by companies with an established portfolio. Scammers usually do not also have physical offices. Again, always check if there are any approvals and certifications in place for the developer. They should have a company license for their development company. They should also have a master hard title for the land on which they are developing, a license for the development including a master plan of the full development from start to finish, and they should have a construction license. If the developer won’t present these things when asked, this is a clear warning sign.Don’t let these scams scare you too much - just be aware…Buying property in Cambodia can be beneficial if you do it right. A trusted real estate agent is a great start if they understand the transaction process and the market tricks well - but even some agents may not be working in your best interest. If you are concerned that you are being scammed, seek legal advice before you put any money down!Check out articles, news, and views related to real estate law on Realestate.com.khtoday!Looking for real estate for rent in Cambodia or real estate for sale in Cambodia?

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Plot Land Buyers Guide: What you need to know BEFORE you invest

Plot Land Buyers Guide: What you need to know BEFORE you invest

June 7, 2022, 3:57 a.m.

Home & Living

Property Buyers & Sellers Advice

Land prices have skyrocketed across Cambodia, with many local investors looking to strategically invest in pieces of land, of all sizes.Typically, developers/investors/friends will club together and buy a big piece of land (the bigger the land size, the cheaper the price per square meter). They will then subdivide – possibly providing some infrastructure and a master plan – and sell in smaller parcels to end buyers achieving a higher rate per square meter.Starting from net prices as low as a few thousand dollars for end buyers, these plots are often sold with attractive payment schemes and grand promises of guaranteed future infrastructure development.By choosing the right piece of land within one of these projects, at the right location, end buyers can also earn a relatively quick appreciation of that land asset. Some buyers are buying now with the intention of later building a home or business on this land once the area develops into a more viable suburban zone.However, not all of these land plot developments are safe investments.It is extremely important for end buyers to seriously consider the following:The location of any land plot that they intend to buy,The land title and certification being offered for that transaction and,The trustworthiness of the project owner or manager.They also need to consider what role their real estate agent is playing in the transaction.If these are not diligently considered, the buyer may not have as valuable an asset as they assumed. In the worst-case scenario, they may not have an asset at all…You can see all the available plots of land for sale in Cambodia.With this in mind, Realestate.com.kh, in cooperation with VTrust Appraisal’s highly experienced research team, have put together the ultimate plot land buyers guide.The intention of this article is to make sure that when you buy a land plot, you better understand how to protect against potential issues in the future, and choose a land project with the right legal framework, location and project planning.Broadly, any buyer needs to consider three important issues:Surrounding town planning;Infrastructure and amenities; andLegal issues regarding the plot of land itself.1. Surrounding Town Planning:The success of a land plot project relies heavily on the city master plan, especially local planning mapped out in or nearby the subject area’s periphery.If the government lays out a master development plan covering some parts of the areas in which a new satellite city will be developed, including major roads, drainage and other amenities, this means that those plots of land nearby this planned development will be in high demand and surge in price soon.So how do I choose the right location to buy plot land?A buyer needs to comprehensively study the location where the project plot is situated.Conduct due diligence regarding the surrounding environment, including a 500 meter to 1,000-meter radius scan on existing and future establishments, infrastructure, facilities and amenities that can help raise the standard of living of the residents at that location.In addition, conduct a scan on the Government’s master plan for plans regarding the nearby and surrounding areas, as well as potential private development schemes that could add value to the land plot, or detract value from the property.When will it be a good location? Consider your desired time frame…A location may take some time to become valuable. What if it takes up to 20 years, or even 30 years, for the location to be identified by the Government or large scale developers?Perhaps for many years residents will live with poor access roads, no drainage systems, undersupply of running water or electricity, or long commutes to public schools where they send their children; and by the time the infrastructure comes through for them, the perceived value for the buyer may be gone.Another potential issue with the plot location is its geographical features, for example, is it prone to flooding or other natural mishaps? Find out early before you buy.2. Infrastructure and Amenities:Regarding infrastructure, a buyer should be aware of two critical issues:Existing infrastructure; andFuture plans that affect the infrastructure there or nearby.What existing infrastructure is there?For existing infrastructure, a buyer should look at accessibility such as roads linked from the city centre to the location, running water supply, drainage systems, and other necessary amenities nearby, such as schools, community markets, public services, and so forth - or at least within a manageable distance.If the land has readily available infrastructure, it creates more value in that land immediately. This makes it worth purchasing the plots of land for resale or other purposes, but it may also mean you are too late to catch a great deal - because everyone else may have noticed the potential value too.Future infrastructure:However, not many land plot projects have infrastructure readily in place. And this is why the price is so attractive. Most of the land projects are located on the city fringes or peripheral parts of the capital, where there is minimal infrastructure.If that is the case, a buyer should look into the future of the location: whether or not there will be any town planning, including infrastructure, in reach of your desired land plot.The simple question is to ask whether there is likely to be viable development growth of the location within 5 to 10 years?Unfortunately, speculation like this can sometimes be hard to guarantee with 100% certainty. If the development does not materialise, this will lead to the land price stagnating or to a lack of a secondary market which will affect the returns.What if the buyer buys land, and then the Government changes their mind and does not supply infrastructure in this area?It’s bad news for the buyer! However, if private developers see potential in the areas nearby the plot and volunteer to supply some basic infrastructure, then the project will still have a good chance for appreciation.Some plot land developments are supported by the Government and some are not? How do we know which are? And what difference does this make?Only through due diligence can a buyer know clearly about these circumstances, by verifying development approval from the relevant authorities, title deed checks, or licensed plat/plan of subdivision for the plots of land.Positive media coverage regarding the land plot does not mean it is necessarily a safe investment, it could just be speculative.3. Legal issues regarding the plot land itself:A serious consideration of the plan of subdivision (of the plot project), which should be fully approved by the correct government authorities, is crucial before buying any plot land.An approved plan of subdivision means all the separated titles (or parcels of land) within the plot project are safe to buy with titles and will be respected at the national level of authority.A ‘letter of land transfer’ (a type of soft land title) registered at the district level if often used in plot land transactions - but beware that this is not a particularly strong statement of ownership for the end buyer and can create various potential problems moving forward.What sort of land title am I seeking?One common legal title for a plot of land is a ‘separated piece title’ which is derived from a master plat (plan) of land subdivision. To enable each of the ‘separated piece titles’, first, the developer has to hold a title deed for the whole land.Thirdly, the developer has to get the plan of subdivision approved by the urban planning authorities, especially at the national Ministry level, namely the Ministry of Land, Urban Planning and Construction.When this approval is given, it is legally feasible for a buyer to register a separate title at the ministry level for their piece of land within the project. Note though, that officially transferring this separated title will incur a transfer fee of 4% of the total value of the plot of land.Lastly, if the Government has already developed a master plan in regards to the location where the plot project is situated, then all the separated piece titles there can be registered as LMAP titles, one of the newest land titles in Cambodia.In most landed housing development projects in Phnom Penh, each separated title is offered as LMAP. Having an LMAP title means that the borders of your property have been perfectly recorded, and are free from any dispute over usages rights or ownership. What documents should the buyer ask to see before they commit?First, a buyer should verify the title deed, either of the land consolidation and/or of the land subdivision, that comes under the master plan.Secondly, check if there is approval from the related ministries (MLMUPC) for the plot project as a whole.What are the potential issues regarding land titles for the Plot Land Buyer?If due diligence by the buyer is not conducted carefully, there are potential issues associated with land plot purchase. These could be legal issues such as types of titles, as mentioned above.The problems of soft titles in plot land transactions:A basic letter of land transfer title (a type of soft title registered at the district level), which is still under the master plan of consolidation, might be safe in some cases.However, if the land title is only a soft title, buyers open themselves up to losing that land in the future if the project owner, for example, loses the entire piece of land (as collateral) to the bank if they fail to pay their mortgage.Another tricky situation is when the project owner chooses not to honour the soft title in the future, and reclaims the land, or sells the land to another buyer without revealing the soft title rights of the plot to the buyers.Another possibility is that the project seller in fact never had any ownership of the land in the first place, and the letter of land transfer title was totally fraudulent.You must do your due diligence and ensure that none of these outcomes are possible. Ideally, don’t buy unless you can buy with a hard title deed!So how can I turn my basic letter of land transfer title into a binding hard title?A buyer should first refer to the title deed for the master plat of subdivision to check there are no issues in regards to bank collateral commitments with that land.Then the buyer must register their title with the authorities (Ministry of Land Management, Urban Planning and Construction) based on the master plat and their agreement with the seller.By doing so, the buyer can then convert their basic soft title into a hard title respected at the national level. This means the land cannot be taken back from them in almost any circumstance.If not registering at that level, the landholding title is still soft.What is the correct role of the real estate agent in the plot land transaction?A professional real estate company should not be the owner of the land for sale, as it represents a conflict of interest, as they are concurrently acting for the end buyers.Real estate agents would be able to act on the behalf of potential investors in terms of identifying a site and then selling the smaller lots, they should not have any equity interest in this.Meanwhile, a quality real estate agent acting for the end buyer, should be able to consult and assist in the process of due diligence demonstrated above.Check out some more great resources on Realestate.com.kh in our Location Profiles and Investor Guides. Learn more about Cambodia, Phnom Penh, Siem Reap & Sihanoukville. Learn more about Investing in Cambodia, Foreign Ownership in Cambodia & the Cambodian Expat Experience!This piece was a co-production of Realestate.com.kh and V Trust Appraisal.

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Guaranteed Rental Returns? What to know

June 7, 2022, 6:54 a.m.

Realestate News

Home & Living

Jay Cohen, Director and Partner of Tilleke & Gibbins Cambodia, joined Ivan Cano, Content Manager of Realestate.com.kh, in sharing an introduction to Guaranteed Rental Returns.Cambodia’s property market has seen massive growth and changes over the past decade. The influx of foreign investors made the landscape quite the competitive field and many new property investment opportunities throughout the Kingdom now come with Guaranteed Rental Returns (GRR).What are Guaranteed Rental Returns?In layman's terms, GRR is a future rental income that is guaranteed by the developer or management company to the property purchaser for a contracted period of time after the purchase agreement is signed.For example:Property Price$100,000Guaranteed Rental Return (GRR)6% per yearGRR Period2 yearsExpected Rental Return$12,000 over 2 yearsSharon Liew, CEO of Huttons CPL, notes that Guaranteed Rental Returns is a reassurance scheme for new investors looking to try out a new, somewhat uncharted international market. Standard net returns being advertised in the condos and new developments market range from 4 percent to 9 percent, normally for a two to five year period.Key considerations for Guaranteed Rental ReturnsFor potential investors faced with promises of Guaranteed Rental Returns, there are several points to consider before signing that dotted line.Make sure the GRR is on a contractual documentFirstly, it is crucial to find out exactly what is underwriting the guarantee. If it is merely a paper promise it is potentially illusory - a marketing exercise that will collapse after the developments launch. However, if there is an actual contract in place, containing the potential for legal recourse should the income not be generated, the GRR presents some value.“If there is a GRR scheme, the investor needs to make sure the GRR is set out in writing,” said Jay Cohen, Partner and Director of Tilleke & Gibbins Cambodia, highlighting the importance of having the Guaranteed Rental Return rate in writing. “There needs to be some sort of contractual document that sets out the rights to the GRR”Guaranteed or Gross Rental Returns?After setting the GRR out in writing, investors need to consider additional costs that may reduce an investor’s expected return; a common mistake that some novice investors make is to take the Guaranteed Rental Returns being offered as a reference point to calculate their returns.Jay Cohen notes that investors need to be careful and understand what other costs may be imposed by the developer that may reduce their GRR. “Often in GRR schemes, there may be other costs that will reduce that amount. For example, management fees, sinking funds, utilities, furniture packages, and property taxes” he said.For example:Property Price$100,000Guaranteed Rental Return (GRR)6% per yearGRR Period2 yearsExpected Return$12,000 over 2 yearsManagement fee per month$125 ($1,500 per year - $3,000 for 2 years)Utility bill per month$80 ($960 per year - $1,920 for 2 years) Expected return: $12,000 after 2 yearsCosts over 2 years: $4,920 (Management fee + Utility bill)Net Return Return: $7,080 over 2 yearsJay emphasizes the importance of having the GRR and the associated costs of owning the property to be on a contractual document and from there, understand what is their net return over the contract’s expressed period of time.Sam Kiers, Director of Sales and Marketing at Elevated Realty, agrees: “This ultimately leads to investors seriously considering the time it takes for the investment to turn profitable.”Desmond Yap, General Manager of Yong Yap Properties, believes that if it is the developer offering GRR, it is fair to assume they have done their calculations and have ensured they will not create a loss of profit for their company. “Thus, in effect,” says Yap, “the buyer is paying for their own Guaranteed Rental Returns.”Know the going rate of similar propertiesJay Cohen notes that developers often look at surrounding properties of a similar tier along with calculating their desired ROI to come up with a GRR offer. Jay additionally impresses on investors that it is not uncommon for developers to inflate the rental guarantee figures to create a good impression on buyers considering the longer-term benefits of their investment. The opposite is true as well that a developer can undercut GRRs if they are confident they can rent/lease the property out for a much higher price.For investors, another consideration about any GRR promise should be whether the rental income figure appears realistic and achievable in the current market, keeping in mind where the property is located. If it is clearly unrealistic, the investor should foresee a dramatic reduction in returns on their unit once the guaranteed rental period ends.Sharon Liew explains that “In general, the projected GRR is usually lower than the market rental rate by about 20 percent, to protect the developer from any losses - this means, that anything higher than 20 percent (per year) is likely too good to be true.”What happens after the GRR period ends?“After a GRR period ends, the investor takes over the property and they have an obligation to lease it out themselves,” said Jay Cohen. Depending on the developer, they may offer their services to lease an investor’s property post-GRR for a nominal fee/arrangement. Jay Cohen emphasizes that this should be spelled out in a contractual document to avoid ambiguity or the requirement of additional services resulting in more fees.Do a background check on the developerIt is advisable that the buyer must consider whether the developer or their property management company in fact has the ability and resources to manage the property properly and sustain rental tenants for the property over the guaranteed period.Liew confirms that “The developer’s credibility and presence in Cambodia are extremely important, as most GRR only kicks off after the development is complete. This makes upfront rebate on Guaranteed Rental Returns a more attractive option.”Look for an experienced property management operation, with past success in the local market.“Be sure to check the validity of the GRR agreement and the quality of the management team," says Desmond Yap, “and, if possible, see how the management company is arranging their finances.”Force Majeure, enforcement, and dispute resolution of GRRsGuaranteed Rental Returns in Cambodia came at a time when the real estate market was booming. Business travelers and tourists were flying in and Cambodians from the countryside were flocking to big cities like Phnom Penh to find work - constituting a large base of property buyers and renters. But COVID-19 has disrupted this growth.So can the developer reduce the GRR under certain situations? Can the developer altogether stop paying the GRR if there’s a force majeure event? “It depends,” says Jay Cohen. He reminds investors that the GRR is a contract between the purchaser and the developer. “Whether the developer is allowed to reduce the GRR because of events like a pandemic, or a force majeure event, that really comes down to the nature of the contract”.Cambodia has legal concepts of force majeure. Jay says that developers may rely on this law but warns this may be a difficult issue as it is not clearly spelled out under Cambodian law.He suggests that a “dispute resolution” be negotiated between the investor and the developer. “Give some thought to dispute resolution,” he said, “the agreement may be regulated by Cambodian law, and may give investors the choice of the Kingdom’s courts or arbitration”.“Arbitration in Cambodia may be a good path as it’s faster. So that may be a way to enforce the agreement” he said.Recap and additional tips when considering Guaranteed Rental Return offersJay Cohen reminds investors there should be a document aside from the Sale-and-Purchase Agreement (SPA) that clearly sets out the GRR, obligations of the developer, and any other additional expenses to be shouldered by the purchaser.Additionally, even if a GRR is reasonable and competitive, they are not the sole indicators of a good investment. Saraboth Ea, Managing Director of Maxem Property warns, “GRR needs to be considered amongst many other factors that determine whether an investment is a good value or not. This will consider the buyer's objectives and investment timeline, which varies from individual to individual.”“As the market matures,” continues Ea, “We hope to see developers put less emphasis on rental returns, and establish a good balance between local buyers who will reside in the property versus those who buy purely as an investment.”Looking at both sides of the Guaranteed Rental Returns debate, the rental guarantee is important for investors who need immediate reassurance on their investment - however, the guarantee is only as good as the strength of the company offering it. Ea says that a healthy skepticism around GRR is only natural in Cambodia, as it is a relatively new concept for local buyers and investors: “Rather than being the sole incentive for a buyer, we view it more as a gauge of the developer's confidence in their project.” Looking for property investment in Cambodia? Let us help!Article by:

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Tips to help you improve the health of your household budget

Tips to help you improve the health of your household budget

June 6, 2022, 5:07 p.m.

Realestate News

Home & Living

Realestate.com.kh has created the following guide to creating and sticking with a monthly budget and we have even created an online Budget Planner to help you! We believe every Cambodian should be able to afford a home and this is our way of helping you to keep more money in your pocket and getting a handle on your finances so that you can make your new home a reality.But first of all, check out: “A Very Simple Guide to Managing your Household Budget”Additional Tips for Effective Household BudgetingKeep a record of everything and anything you spend over a 30 day period. It’s amazing to see what you actually spend your money on. This needs to be a family effort with everybody’s spending included in the household budget, HONESTLY!It’s better to overestimate than underestimate your expenses whenever you make your household budget. This way you are pleasantly surprised by any miscalculations.Be organised — don’t guess the figures. Rely on bills and take note of all transactions during your day. You need to know exactly how much you have, down to the last cent.Regularly review your bank records alongside your estimated household budget.Become a conscious spender by making a list BEFORE you do any shopping and STICK TO IT. Buy only what you need.Compare prices before buying large items and never buy on impulse.Live simply — the simpler you keep your spending habits, the more money you will have to pay off your mortgage, save for a new home or spend on your children. You might even be happier…Once you do start saving money, make sure you make the most of it by speaking to your bank manager or financial adviser.Keep your new savings in a bank account where you can’t access it from the ATM! Don’t let impulse spending spoil your new household budget.If you follow these simple guidelines, you should have more money for that new home or rainy day.Looking for property in Cambodia? Let us help!

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A Very Simple Guide to Managing your Household Budget

A Very Simple Guide to Managing your Household Budget

June 6, 2022, 5:07 p.m.

Realestate News

Home & Living

Property Buyers & Sellers Advice

Nobody likes to think about money! But, in order to save for your new home, you will need to budget. And this budget only gets harder as your family grows.Wondering where to start? Realestate.com.kh has created the following guide to creating and sticking with a monthly budget and we have even created an online Budget Planner to help you! We believe every Cambodian should be able to afford a home and this is our way of helping you to keep more money in your pocket and getting a handle on your finances so that you can make your new home a reality.How to Budget for a HomeThe following are a few basic budget tips to help keep more money in your pocket and get a handle on your household finances.First of all, list your monthly income — including everything that earns you money. List all of the costs you have to pay each month — Including rent, power, gas, car repayments, school uniforms, food etc. In short, anything that is a necessity in your and your family’s life.List all of the costs you can avoid from the previous list — this includes all things that are not necessary in your life, including entertainment, take away food, fancy new clothes, travel etc. This represents your “expendable income”: money that doesn’t always need to be spent! It is very important that you and your family are honest about what you don’t really need, if you are serious about saving.Now that you have defined what you HAVE TO PAY and what YOU LIKE TO PAY each month, you can control your budget for the next month by reducing your expendable income spending.Subtract your necessary costs from your total income to see what remains for the next month’s budget. This figure is the amount of money you can potentially save each month if you control your spending habits. Completing this exercise should help you review your spending patterns and make better financial decisions. The better your budget, the more control you can have over your monthly savings. Looking for property in Cambodia? Let us help!

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